中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2019, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 762-766.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.249847

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

农药鱼藤酮对神经元极化的神经毒性:一种机械方法

  

  • 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2019-05-15

Neurotoxicity of the pesticide rotenone on neuronal polarization: a mechanistic approach

Mariano Bisbal 1, 2, 3 , Mónica Sanchez 1, 2, 3   

  1. 1 Laboratory of Neurobiology, Instituto Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
    2 Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
    3 Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
  • Online:2019-05-15 Published:2019-05-15
  • Contact: Mónica Sanchez, PhD, msanchez@immf.uncor.edu; Mariano Bisbal, PhD, mbisbal@immf.uncor.edu.

摘要:

orcid: 0000-0002-3870-6151(Mariano Bisbal)

Abstract:

Neurons are the most extensive and polarized cells that display a unique single long axon and multiple dendrites, which are compartments exhibiting structural and functional differences. Polarity occurs early in neuronal development and it is maintained by complex subcellular mechanisms throughout cell life. A well-defined and controlled spatio-temporal program of cellular and molecular events strictly regulates the formation of the axon and dendrites from a non-polarized cell. This event is critical for an adequate neuronal wiring and therefore for the normal functioning of the nervous system. Neuronal polarity is very sensitive to the harmful effects of different factors present in the environment. In this regard, rotenone is a crystalline, colorless and odorless isoflavone used as insecticide, piscicide and broad spectrum pesticide commonly used earlier in agriculture. In the present review we will summarize the toxicity mechanism caused by this pesticide in different neuronal cell types, focusing on a particular biological mechanism whereby rotenone could impair neuronal polarization in cultured hippocampal neurons. Recent advances suggest that the inhibition of axonogenesis produced by rotenone could be related with its effect on microtubule dynamics, the actin cytoskeleton and their regulatory pathways, particularly affecting the small RhoGTPase RhoA. Unveiling the mechanism by which rotenone produces neurotoxicity will be instrumental to understand the cellular mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases influenced by this environmental pollutant, which may lead to research focused on the design of new therapeutic strategies.

Key words: rotenone, environmental pollutants, toxicity, neuronal polarity, RhoGTPase, RhoA, Lfc, Arhgef1