中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2019, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (8): 1369-1371.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.251304

• 观点:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

对成人前脑中调节神经干细胞行为的多种细胞类型的配体表达异质性的见解

  

  • 出版日期:2019-08-15 发布日期:2019-08-15

Insights into ligand expression heterogeneity across multiple cell types in the adult forebrain that regulates neural stem cell behavior

Rainer Akkermann, Kasum Azim   

  1. Department of Neurology and Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
  • Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-15
  • Contact: Kasum Azim, PhD, kasumazim@googlemail.com.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the German Research Council (DFG; AZ/115/1-1), and the Swiss National Funds (P300PA_171224, to KA)

摘要:

orcid: 0000-0003-3984-4473 (Kasum Azim)
           0000-0003-1583-9987 (Rainer Akkermann)

Abstract:

In the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), neural cell generation is restricted to two highly specialized germinal niches. These are the subventricular zone (SVZ) that borders the forebrain lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the hippocampus. In the case of the former niche, the SVZ gives rise daily to thousands of migratory neuroblasts that travel long distances to the olfactory bulb via the rostral migratory stream. Neural stem cells (NSCs) first engage through a sequence of activation phenotypes and give rise to transiently amplifying progenitors (TAPs) that subsequently differentiate into neuroblasts. Once in the olfactory bulb, they generate phenotypically distinct neurons. Most of these constitute the interneuron class that is preferentially derived from the lateral portion of the SVZ, whilst a small proportion of projection neurons are also formed from the dorsal SVZ. Similarly, although fractional in number, oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes are additionally generated from this germinal zone. Lesser is known regarding the differentiation steps regarding adult astrogenesis from the SVZ. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells diverge from TAPs and remain relatively close within the periventricular forebrain corresponding to their site generation. Oligodendrocytes generated from the SVZ will also pass through phenotypically distinct stages until they form mature oligodendrocytes. Adult NG2 glia (oligodendrocyte precursor cells) are the main proliferative population of the adult CNS outside of neurogenic niches and are supported in their capacity to restore oligodendrocyte populations following injury by SVZ derived early oligodendroglial populations.