中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 218-222.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.290877

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

胶质细胞功能障碍:导致神经退行性疾病的原因

  

  • 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2020-12-01

Dysfunctional glia: contributors to neurodegenerative disorders

Marta Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz*, Lidia Strużyńska*   

  1. Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  • Online:2021-02-15 Published:2020-12-01
  • Contact: Marta Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz, PhD, msidoryk@imdik.pan.pl; Lidia Strużyńska, PhD, lidkas@imdik.pan.pl.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by statutory funds provided by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education for Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland (9/2018, to LS).

摘要:

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-7660 (Marta Sidoryk-Węgrzynowic); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9007-792X (Lidia Strużyńska)

Abstract: Astrocytes are integral components of the central nervous system, where they are involved in numerous functions critical for neuronal development and functioning, including maintenance of blood-brain barrier, formation of synapses, supporting neurons with nutrients and trophic factors, and protecting them from injury. These roles are markedly affected in the course of chronic neurodegenerative disorders, often before the onset of the disease. In this review, we summarize the recent findings supporting the hypothesis that astrocytes play a fundamental role in the processes contributing to neurodegeneration. We focus on α-synucleinopathies and tauopathies as the most common neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms implicated in the development and progression of these disorders appear not to be exclusively neuronal, but are often related to the astrocytic-neuronal integrity and the response of astrocytes to the altered microglial function. A profound understanding of the multifaceted functions of astrocytes and identification of their communication pathways with neurons and microglia in health and in the disease is of critical significance for the development of novel mechanism-based therapies against neurodegenerative disorders.

Key words: astrocytes, microglia, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, synucleinopathies, tauopathies