中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 934-938.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297058

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

肽基精氨酸脱亚氨酶:中枢神经系统疾病和修复中的预期药物靶标

  

  • 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2020-12-29

Peptidylarginine deiminases and extracellular vesicles: prospective drug targets and biomarkers in central nervous system diseases and repair

Sigrun Lange*   

  1. Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
  • Online:2021-05-15 Published:2020-12-29
  • Contact: Sigrun Lange, PhD, S.lange@westminster.ac.uk.
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported in parts by a University of Westminster start-up grant to SL.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7193-3102 (Sigrun Lange)

Abstract: Peptidylarginine deiminases are a family of calcium-activated enzymes with multifaceted roles in physiological and pathological processes, including in the central nervous system. Peptidylarginine deiminases cause post-translational deimination/citrullination, leading to changes in structure and function of a wide range of target proteins. Deimination can facilitate protein moonlighting, modify protein-protein interaction, cause protein dysfunction and induce inflammatory responses. Peptidylarginine deiminases also regulate the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles, which play important roles in cellular communication through transfer of extracellular vesicle-cargo, e.g., proteins and genetic material. Both peptidylarginine deiminases and extracellular vesicles are linked to a number of pathologies, including in the central nervous system, and their modulation with pharmacological peptidylarginine deiminase inhibitors have shown great promise in several in vitro and in vivo central nervous system disease models. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells have been assessed for their therapeutic application in central nervous system injury. As circulating extracellular vesicles can be used as non-invasive liquid biopsies, their specific cargo-signatures (including deiminated proteins and microRNAs) may allow for disease “fingerprinting” and aid early central nervous system disease diagnosis, inform disease progression and response to therapy. This mini-review discusses recent advances in the field of peptidylarginine deiminase and extracellular vesicle research in the central nervous system, focusing on several central nervous system acute injury, degeneration and cancer models. 

Key words: central nervous system, citrullination/deimination, COVID-19, ectracellular trap formation, extracellular vesicles, glioblastoma, neurodegeneration, peptidylarginine deiminases, regeneration