中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (11): 2184-2197.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.310608

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素与肥大细胞的神经免疫联系:神经退行性疾病治疗新策略

  

  • 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-04-13

Neuroimmune connections between corticotropin-releasing hormone and mast cells: novel strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases

Piplu Bhuiyan, Yi-Wei Wang, Huan-Huan Sha, Hong-Quan Dong, Yan-Ning Qian#br#   

  1. 1Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-04-13
  • Contact: Yan-Ning Qian, MD, PhD, yanning_qian@163.com or yanningqian@njmu.edu.cn; Hong-Quan Dong, PhD, dhqmzys@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81671387 (to YNQ), 81701375 (to HQD); and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), China.

摘要:

Neural Regen Res:炎症、自身免疫和神经系统疾病治疗新靶点:肥大细胞与促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素的神经免疫联系

 

来自中国南京医科大学附属第一医院Piplu Bhuiyan团队最新综述阐明肥大细胞与促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素之间存在神经-免疫的双向信息交流,这将为炎症、自身免疫和神经系统疾病的治疗提供新视野。

促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴适应应激反应的启动激素。既往研究认为肥大细胞是一种与变态反应、过敏、哮喘和肠易激综合症有关的免疫细胞,但是最新研究证实肥大细胞能在神经-免疫网络间起到传感器和效应器的双重作用。正常情况下,常驻大脑的肥大细胞可分泌促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、组胺、类胰蛋白酶等以调节血脑屏障的通透性,并维持脑内稳态。而当应激源影响颅内稳态异常时,还会激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴,增加下丘脑室旁核中促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素的分泌,进而通过促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素受体激活颅内肥大细胞,导致后者脱颗粒。肥大细胞的颗粒物质,如组胺和细胞因子等,在引起血脑屏障通透性增加以及外周炎症因子和细胞进入大脑的同时,还可激活胶质细胞,继而参与中枢炎症的发生和发展,对神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、多发性硬化和帕金森病的发生以及围术期认知功能紊乱的触发起到重要作用。但是对于肥大细胞和促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素及其受体与中枢炎性相关疾病的作用和确切机制仍需探索。

综述发表在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志202111期。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9014-2875 (Yan-Ning Qian); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-093X (Hong-Quan Dong)

Abstract: Corticotropin-releasing hormone is a critical component of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which plays a major role in the body’s immune response to stress. Mast cells are both sensors and effectors in the interaction between the nervous and immune systems. As first responders to stress, mast cells can initiate, amplify and prolong neuroimmune responses upon activation. Corticotropin-releasing hormone plays a pivotal role in triggering stress responses and related diseases by acting on its receptors in mast cells. Corticotropin-releasing hormone can stimulate mast cell activation, influence the activation of immune cells by peripheral nerves and modulate neuroimmune interactions. The latest evidence shows that the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone induces the degranulation of mast cells under stress conditions, leading to disruption of the blood-brain barrier, which plays an important role in neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Recent studies suggest that stress increases intestinal permeability and disrupts the blood-brain barrier through corticotropin-releasing hormone-mediated activation of mast cells, providing new insight into the complex interplay between the brain and gastrointestinal tract. The neuroimmune target of mast cells is the site at which the corticotropin-releasing hormone directly participates in the inflammatory responses of nerve terminals. In this review, we focus on the neuroimmune connections between corticotropin-releasing hormone and mast cells, with the aim of providing novel potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory, autoimmune and nervous system diseases.

Key words: blood-brain barrier, corticotropin-releasing hormone, gastrointestinal tract, inflammatory, mast cells, neuroimmune, neurological disorders