中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (4): 717-720.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.314287

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

卒中恢复增强疗法:最近临床试验的经验教训

  

  • 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2021-10-16

Stroke recovery enhancing therapies: lessons from recent clinical trials

Andreas Rogalewski*, Wolf-Rüdiger Schäbitz   

  1. Department of Neurology, Bethel - EVKB, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
  • Online:2022-04-15 Published:2021-10-16
  • Contact: Andreas Rogalewski, MD, andreas.rogalewski@evkb.de.

摘要: Neural Regen Res: 基于康复试验结果得出促进脑卒中康复的疗法
   脑卒中后的恢复过程包括功能的恢复或补偿,分别是损伤后最初丧失的功能或获得的新功能。治疗干预可以增强这些过程和/或减少阻碍再生。大量的实验研究表明,这类治疗有很大的机会,但最近使用多巴胺和氟西汀等神经调节剂的大型临床试验结果令人失望。这种“转化障碍”是由动物和人类在遗传和表观遗传背景、大脑大小和解剖、脑血管解剖、免疫系统以及临床功能和行为方面的差异来定义的。后向阻断包括与先前临床前结果有关的临床试验中靶点和结果的不相容适应。例如,临床康复试验的设计差异很大,其特点是选择不同的临床终点,纳入广泛的卒中亚型和临床综合征,以及梗死后开始治疗的不同时间窗。  
    来自德国芒斯特大学的Andreas Rogalewski团队认为临床卒中康复试验显示出多个弱点,包括实验数据基础及其转化,但也设计相关问题,如研究患者群体的定义和重点以及终点定义和终止。未来的康复促进疗法应首先确定需要恢复的功能类型,包括运动或认知功能,以及需要再生的神经组织类型。在此定义之后,应选择药物、细胞、装置或训练方式来恢复功能和组织,然后在与其兼容的动物模型中进行试验。啮齿动物的单中心动物研究应包括对时间窗、剂量、组合方法的系统分析。随后的多中心动物研究挑战先前的数据可能是下一步。应通过类似选择中风亚型和先前实验研究中模拟的临床综合征,仔细地将其转化为人类状况。例如,在患有皮质梗死和前臂轻瘫的动物中,康复治疗已被证明可改善前臂运动功能,临床转化应侧重于具有影响手臂和/或腿部运动皮质和轻瘫的梗死的选择性卒中人群。对患者样本量进行充分的计算以补充试验设计,这可能有更好的机会为开发一种促进恢复的疗法做好准备。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年 4 月 4 期发表。


https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-4832 (Andreas Rogalewski)

Abstract: Poststroke recovery processes include restoration or compensation of function, respectively functions initially lost or new functions acquired after an injury. Therapeutic interventions can enhance these processes and/or reduce processes impeding regeneration. Numerous experimental studies suggest great opportunities for such treatments, but the results from recent large clinical trials using neuromodulators such as dopamine and fluoxetine are disappointing. The reasons for this are manifold affecting forward translation of results from animals models into the human situation. This “translational road block” is defined by differences between animals and humans with regard to the genetic and epigenetic background, size and anatomy of the brain, cerebral vascular anatomy, immune system, as well as clinical function and behavior. Backward blockade includes the incompatible adaption of targets and outcomes in clinical trials with regard to prior preclinical findings. For example, the design of clinical recovery trials varies widely and was characterized by the selection of different clinical endpoints, the inclusion a broad spectrum of stroke subtypes and clinical syndromes as well as different time windows for treatment initiation after infarct onset. This review will discuss these aspects based on the results of the recent stroke recovery trials with the goal to contribute to the currently biggest unmet need in stroke research - the development of a recovery enhancing therapy that improves the functional outcome of a chronic stroke patient. 

Key words: amphetamine, brain, chronic stroke, clinical trial, dopamine, fluoxetine, recovery, regeneration, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, translation