中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (3): 561-562.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.320978

• 观点:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

患者源性神经元的DYT1型肌张力障碍发病机制的新见解

  

  • 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2021-10-15

Novel insights into the pathogenesis of DYT1 dystonia from induced patient-derived neurons

Baojin Ding*   

  1. Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
  • Online:2022-03-15 Published:2021-10-15
  • Contact: Baojin Ding, MD, PhD, Baojin.Ding@Louisiana.edu.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, No. NIH/NINDS NS112910 (to BD) and Department of Defense (DoD) Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program (PRMRP) Discovery Award, No. W81XWH2010186 (to BD). 

摘要: Neural Regen Res:LMNB1失调是探索DYT1肌张力障碍发病机制的关键
肌张力障碍综合征分为原发性肌张力障碍和继发性肌张力障碍。根据发病年龄,肌张力障碍也可分为儿童期发病或成年期发病。受影响的身体部位的分布可能会随着时间的推移而发生变化,并且肌张力障碍会逐渐扩散到先前未涉及的部位。由于肌张力障碍的临床特征和根本原因不同,因此肌张力障碍的病理机制仍不明确。童年发作的躯体肌张力障碍,也称为DYT1型肌张力障碍,是遗传性原发性肌张力障碍的最常见和最严重的形式。
来自美国路易斯安那大学的Baojin Ding团队认为,LMNB1的错误定位是由TOR1A活性过低引起。在由DYT1神经祖细胞自发分化和具有ΔE异位表达的人SH-SY5Y成神经细胞分化产生的非运动神经元中,没有发现定位错误的LMNB1,这表明LMNB1定位错误可能具有运动神经元特异性。应该检查其他DYT1神经亚型,以测试TOR1A活性低下是否以运动神经元特异性方式引起LMNB1错位。其次,验证临床样本中的这些异常情况。如果使用体外细胞系统鉴定出的这些异常也存在于临床样本中,则这些发现将促进DYT1肌张力障碍的潜在治疗策略的研发。令人兴奋的是,该研究团队已经开发出一种可以从人诱导多能干细胞生成高纯度的特异性运动神经元,为使用生化方法解决上述问题奠定了夯实的基础。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年3 月 3期发表。


https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-2599 (Baojin Ding)

Abstract: Dystonia is a common movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal movements and/or postures (Keller Sarmiento and Mencacci, 2021). The dystonic syndromes are classified as primary dystonia (dystonia is the only motor feature without tremor) and the secondary dystonia (dystonia is combined with other movement disorders, such as Parkinsonism). Based on the age of onset, dystonias are also dichotomously classified as childhood onset or adulthood onset. The distribution of affected body parts may change over time and progressively spread of dystonia to previously uninvolved sites. Because the clinical characteristics and underlying causes of dystonia are very heterogeneous, the pathological mechanisms of dystonia remain largely unknown. The diagnosis and etiological definition of this disorder remain challenges. The current therapies, such as anticholinergics, intramuscular botulinum toxin injection and deep brain stimulation, are largely symptom-based and only partially satisfactory (Balint et al., 2018). The childhood-onset torsin dystonia, also called DYT1 dystonia, represents the most frequent and severe form of hereditary primary dystonia, providing an excellent example to understand the pathogenesis of this disease (Gonzalez-Alegre, 2019; Keller Sarmiento and Mencacci, 2021).