中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (8): 1741-1742.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.332137

• 观点:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

视网膜β淀粉样蛋白非侵入性成像用于早期检测阿尔茨海默病的最新进展

  

  • 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2022-01-21

Recent advancements toward non-invasive imaging of retinal amyloid-beta for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease

Liang Wang, Xiaobo Mao*   

  1. University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA (Wang L)
    Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA (Mao X)
  • Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-01-21
  • Contact: Xiaobo Mao, PhD,xmao4@jhmi.edu.
  • Supported by:
    This work was funded by NIH R01 NS107318, NIH K01 AG056841, American Parkinson’s Disease Association, Parkinson’s Foundation the Stanley Fahn Junior Faculty Award PF-JFA-1933, and Maryland Stem Cell Research Foundation Discovery Award 2019-MSCRFD-4292.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-556X (Xiaobo Mao)

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive impairment suggested to be induced by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain, especially in the hippocampus. Cerebral Aβ deposits may be detected through positron emission tomography (PET) as early as two decades before clinically diagnosed AD-associated dementia, which provides the opportunity for early therapeutic interventions (Wang and Mao, 2021). PET may not be suitable for AD screening since it is invasive, costly, and inaccessible for routine clinical use or population screening. Aβ deposits have also been identified throughout the retina, which is a developmental outgrowth of the diencephalon and shares physiological and pathological pathways with the central nervous system (London et al., 2013). Patients with mild cognitive impairment and early AD are reported to have visual disturbances involving visual field loss with reported thinning of the retinal layers including the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer (Koronyo-Hamaoui et al., 2011; Wang and Mao, 2021). Retinal Aβ deposits have been detected prior to the manifestation of cerebral Aβ deposits in transgenic mice models of AD (Koronyo-Hamaoui et al., 2011; Habiba et al., 2021). Since the retina provides an easily accessible location for non-invasive imaging, retinal Aβ may have the potential to be a surrogate for cerebral Aβ and a biomarker for the detection of AD prior to irreversible cognitive impairment. Several techniques have been explored for imaging retinal Aβ, including the use of curcumin and hyperspectral imaging, which have been shown to differentiate AD patients and normal subjects in vivo (Koronyo et al., 2017; Hadoux et al., 2019). These non-invasive, imaging studies have also characterized retinal Aβ in human subjects and found correlations between retinal Aβ and cerebral manifestations including increased cerebral Aβ load and low cognitive assessment scores (Hadoux et al., 2019; Dumitrascu et al., 2020). However, further investigations with larger sample sizes and longitudinal studies are needed to determine if retinal Aβ can be applied in routine clinical settings and potentially for population-based screening.