中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (9): 1885-1892.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.335137

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

有效对抗中枢神经系统辐射损伤的神经保护剂

  

  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-05

Neuroprotective agents effective against radiation damage of central nervous system

Mária Lalkovičová1, 2, *   

  1. 1Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia; 2Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Physics, Košice, Slovakia
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-03-05
  • Contact: Mária Lalkovičová, PhD, lalkovicova@jinr.ru.

摘要: Neural Regen Res:用于治疗辐射性脑损伤药物的有效性和安全性仍有待进一步证实
由医疗、核事件甚至太空飞行引起的电离辐射会不可逆转地损害脑细胞的结构和功能,这可导致严重的脑损伤、记忆和行为障碍,甚至致命的肿瘤或神经退行性疾病。目前使用的治疗方法和药物主要针对细胞凋亡、辐射毒性、神经炎症的生化过程,以及由辐射损伤引起的认知行为障碍或其他疾病。对于大多数药物,不良反应和潜在毒性也需要考虑。
来自俄罗斯放射生物学实验室的Mária Lalkovičová团队认为,在过去的几年里,许多开发的新药可用作辐射诱发的脑损伤的预防或治疗。并非每一种都已被临床批准用于治疗,但是有许多非常有前途的药物。新型药物都显示出巨大的潜力,但重要的是要测试这些药物以及现在处于开发阶段的其他药物的所有不良作用和其他可能的相互作用,以证明其在临床中的安全性和有效性。应继续进行中枢神经系统的研究以充分了解辐射引起的神经组织的认知障碍和损伤,以拓宽对其机制和检测的认识。从而改进新药物的开发和选择,并帮助预防或有效治疗辐射损伤。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年9 月9 期发表。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-4936 (Mária Lalkovičová)

Abstract: Ionizing radiation caused by medical treatments, nuclear events or even space flights can irreversibly damage structure and function of brain cells. That can result in serious brain damage, with memory and behavior disorders, or even fatal oncologic or neurodegenerative illnesses. Currently used treatments and drugs are mostly targeting biochemical processes of cell apoptosis, radiation toxicity, neuroinflammation, and conditions such as cognitive-behavioral disturbances or others that result from the radiation insult. With most drugs, the side effects and potential toxicity are also to be considered. Therefore, many agents have not been approved for clinical use yet. In this review, we focus on the latest and most effective agents that have been used in animal and also in the human research, and clinical treatments. They could have the potential therapeutical use in cases of radiation damage of central nervous system, and also in prevention considering their radioprotecting effect of nervous tissue.

Key words: antioxidants, biomedical neuroprotectants, central nervous system, ionizing radiation, neuroprotection, radiation injury, radiomitigators, radioprotectants, radioprotection, therapeutics