中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (9): 1919-1928.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.335140

• 综述:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

退行性视网膜疾病神经保护剂的最新进展

  

  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-05

Recent developments of neuroprotective agents for degenerative retinal disorders

Kepeng Ou1, 2, #, §, Youjian Li1, 2, #, Ling Liu3, Hua Li3, Katherine Cox2, Jiahui Wu2, 4, *, §, Jian Liu2, §, Andrew D. Dick2, 5, 6, §   

  1. 1College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China; 2Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People’s Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; 5Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; 6National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-03-05
  • Contact: Jiahui Wu, MD, PhD, Jiahui.Wu@bristol.ac.uk.

摘要: Neural Regen Res:开发有效的药物递送方式将是治疗视网膜变性的重点
视网膜变性是一种使人视力下降的眼部病变,其特征是光感受器和其他视网膜神经元的进行性丧失。年龄相关性黄斑变性、糖尿病性视网膜病变和青光眼是最常见的复杂退行性视网膜疾病,主要由于社会老龄化和缺乏有效的治疗方法引起,在世界范围内构成了重大的公共卫生问题。
来自英国布里斯托大学的Jiahui Wu团队认为,视网膜变性与多种途径相关,包括细胞代谢、氧化应激、细胞衰老、自噬和相关的局部和全身炎症反应。因此,尽管在预防和延缓导致视网膜变性的疾病的过程中存在挑战,但这些途径是开发最终神经保护疗法的主要目标。药物治疗通常需要长期和频繁的给药,且如何使药物跨越血-视网膜屏障是一个亟需解决的问题。开发有效的药物递送方式以确保药物生物利用度和选择性靶向,以及以最小给药频率控制药物释放对于视网膜变性病变至关重要。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年9 月9 期发表。

Abstract: Retinal degeneration is a debilitating ocular complication characterized by the progressive loss of photoreceptors and other retinal neurons, which are caused by a group of retinal diseases affecting various age groups, and increasingly prevalent in the elderly. Age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma are among the most common complex degenerative retinal disorders, posing significant public health problems worldwide largely due to the aging society and the lack of effective therapeutics. Whilst pathoetiologies vary, if left untreated, loss of retinal neurons can result in an acquired degeneration and ultimately severe visual impairment. Irrespective of underlined etiology, loss of neurons and supporting cells including retinal pigment epithelium, microvascular endothelium, and glia, converges as the common endpoint of retinal degeneration and therefore discovery or repurposing of therapies to protect retinal neurons directly or indirectly are under intensive investigation. This review overviews recent developments of potential neuroprotectants including neuropeptides, exosomes, mitochondrial-derived peptides, complement inhibitors, senolytics, autophagy enhancers and antioxidants either still experimentally or in clinical trials. Effective treatments that possess direct or indirect neuroprotective properties would significantly lift the burden of visual handicap.

Key words: antioxidants, autophagy enhancers, complement inhibitors, exosomes, neuropeptides, neuroprotective agents, retinal degeneration, senolytics