中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (9): 1984-1986.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.335155

• 观点:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

钾氯共转运体2上调:一种治疗脊髓损伤的多模式疗法

  

  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-05

K+/Cl co-transporter-2  upmodulation: a multi-modal therapy to treat spinal cord injury

Shane V. Hegarty*, Joanna Stanicka   

  1. AXONIS Therapeutics, Inc., LabCentral, Cambridge, MA, USA
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-03-05
  • Contact: Shane V. Hegarty, PhD, shane@axonis.us.

摘要: 钾/氯共转运体2可减少脊髓损伤后神经性疼痛和痉挛
药物介导的背角钾/氯共转运体2功能恢复可减轻大鼠脊髓损伤后的神经性疼痛。脊髓损伤后用 5-HT2A 受体激动剂 TCB-2 治疗来减少热痛觉过敏取决于钾/氯共转运体2功能的增加。通过鞘内注射 DIOA(一种选择性钾/氯共转运体2阻滞剂)对钾/氯共转运体2进行药理抑制,可以防止这些镇痛作用。使用CLP257 化合物评估急性增加钾/氯共转运体2对慢性脊髓损伤后痉挛症状的影响。脊髓损伤后钾/氯共转运体2的表达逐渐减少,而脊髓损伤后运动介导的功能改善与腰椎运动神经元中钾/氯共转运体2的表达增加相吻合。直接将 CLP257 递送到慢性脊髓损伤大鼠的腰脊髓,以探索药理学神经调节方法是否可以用作基于运动的疗法的替代方案,这对于某些脊髓损伤患者来说是困难的甚至不可能的。增加腰椎增大中的钾/氯共转运体2活性改善了 H 反射的速率依赖性抑制,并减少了慢性脊髓损伤后久坐动物对肌肉拉伸的阶段性和强直性肌电图反应。最新研究表明CLP257 恢复了慢性脊髓损伤大鼠腰部运动神经元中钾/氯共转运体2膜的表达。药理学增强钾/氯共转运体2活性是缓解神经病理性疼痛和痉挛的一种有前途的方法,这两种疾病是脊髓损伤患者常见的和致残的共病。 
来自美国AXONIS 治疗公司的Shane V. Hegarty团队认为,作为小分子钾/氯共转运体2增强剂药物的替代或补充,腺相关病毒-钾/氯共转运体2还被证明可以介导瘫痪小鼠步进能力的稳健恢复。这种一次性的基因治疗可以为脊髓损伤患者提供持续的功能恢复,尤其是那些对钾/氯共转运体2神经调节药物表现出治疗反应的患者。腺相关病毒可以安全地直接输送到中枢神经系统,这减轻了与全身腺相关病毒输送相关的外周问题,鞘内腺相关病毒9-钾/氯共转运体2治疗可能适用于脊髓损伤患者。病毒介导的钾/氯共转运体2基因疗法完全持久地消除了神经损伤动物的神经性疼痛。由于钾/氯共转运体2上调作用直接恢复幸免脊髓组织内的内源性神经元抑制,因此这种治疗策略有可能避免严重的副作用并提高脊髓损伤个体的生活质量。与硬膜外电刺激在某些患者中已经取得的成果类似,但有更大的潜力扩展到更广泛的脊髓损伤患者群体。通过在药物开发方面的协同努力,为脊髓损伤患者治疗瘫痪、疼痛和痉挛的一流钾/氯共转运体2疗法是可能的。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年9 月 9 期发表。

Abstract: Herein, the rationale and supporting evidence for the promise of developing K+/Cl− co-transporter-2 (KCC2) neuromodulatory therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) is discussed. SCI is commonly a life-changing, unforeseen neurotrauma that has devastating consequences for the injured person, their families and society as a whole. Because less than 1% of patients have a complete recovery, the vast majority of people after SCI have significant disabilities and can be entirely dependent upon others for assistance in their activities of daily living. The socioeconomic costs are a significant global burden, with SCI often occurring in adults during their peak earning years. Currently, there are no approved drugs that improve functional outcomes for people with SCI. Therefore, SCI commonly leads to a lifetime of disability, and new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed.