中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (9): 1989-1990.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.335157

• 观点:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脱氧核酶作为治疗诊断环境中新兴的基因沉默剂

  

  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-05

DNAzyme as a rising gene-silencing agent in theranostic settings

Nan Zhang*   

  1. Neuroscience Program, Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-03-05
  • Contact: Nan Zhang, PhD, nzhang@houstonmethodist.org.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by a National Ataxia Foundation Young Investigator–SCA Award, No. 93000 (to NZ). 

摘要: Neural Regen Res:脱氧核酶引领疾病诊断与治疗的前沿
脱氧核酶是自然界中不存在的单链酶促 DNA 分子,是基因沉默的理想候选者。脱氧核酶具有通过固相合成可扩展性、通过定向进化和局部序列改变的可重编程性、与不同递送方法的兼容性以及独立于任何辅助蛋白质的高催化转化的能力。凭借这些独特的功能,各种人工进化的脱氧核酶已被用作设计生物传感器、RNA/DNA裂解和连接、磷酸化和去磷酸化、DNA 光修复和肽侧链修饰等的治疗诊断工具。
来自美国休斯顿卫理公会研究所的Nan Zhang团队认为,与基于蛋白质的基因沉默剂相比,脱氧核酶可能通过将单核苷酸多态性置于识别位点而在等位基因特异性切割方面表现出色;由于核苷酸杂交和错配耐受性的热力学限制,这对于反义寡核苷酸或 siRNA 可能具有挑战性。与脱氧核酶应用相关的主要挑战之一是最大活性所需的高二价阳离子。脱氧核酶治疗的另一个障碍是递送。脱氧核酶(未经处理或预先浸泡在阳离子中)可以包装在脂质体中,并通过可电离的脂质从内体中释放出来。改变脂质体组成或将脂质体与配体结合将促进组织特异性和血脑屏障的穿越。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年9 月9 期发表。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-9914 (Nan Zhang)

Abstract: Decades of biochemical studies have advanced DNA beyond its primary role as genetic blueprint. DNAzymes are single-stranded enzymatic DNA molecules that do not exist in nature. They are ideal candidates for gene silencing owing to their scalability by solid-phase synthesis (without batch variations), reprogrammability by directed evolution and local sequence alterations, compatibility with diverse delivery methods, and capability of achieving high catalytic turnover independent of any auxiliary proteins. With these unique features, various artificially evolved DNAzymes have been employed as theranostic tools in designing biosensors and logic gates, RNA/DNA cleavage and ligation, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, DNA photorepair, and peptide side-chain modifications, to name but a few (Ponce-Salvatierra et al., 2021). This perspective will focus on the functional aspects and therapeutic potentials of RNA-cleaving DNAzymes.