中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (9): 1875-1880.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.335691

• 综述:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

circRNA在视网膜疾病中的新兴作用

  

  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-03

Emerging roles of circular RNAs in retinal diseases

Aneliya Hanineva1, Karen Sophia Park1, Joshua J. Wang1, Margaret M. DeAngelis1, 2, Michael H. Farkas1, 2, 3, Sarah X. Zhang1, 3, *   

  1. 1Department of Ophthalmology and Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; 2Research Service, Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, USA; 3Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-03-03
  • Contact: Sarah X. Zhang, MD, xzhang38@buffalo.edu.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported, in part, by NIH/NEI Grants EY019949, EY025061, EY030970 (to SXZ), a research grant NGR G2019302 from the Brightfocus Foundation (to SXZ), and an Unrestricted Grant from Research to Prevent Blindness to the Department of Ophthalmology, the State University of New York at Buffalo.

摘要: Neural Regen Res: circRNA作为诊断和治疗视网膜疾病的新型生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力
    circRNA 在大多数人类疾病中作为 miRNA 海绵的功能为治疗靶标或生物标志物的使用提供了新的潜力。多个 circRNA 对视网膜疾病有影响,并且是视网膜神经变性和微血管功能障碍的重要调节因子。与许多与疾病发病机制有关的生物标志物和基因的研究一样,潜在疾病标志物和治疗靶点的大量可用性对于寻求开发治疗视网膜功能障碍和神经元和血管系统退化的疗法的研究人员来说既是一项资产,也是一项挑战。一些 circRNA 似乎与许多导致眼病的相同疾病过程有关——例如,cPWWP2A 和 cZNF532 在周细胞功能中发挥高度相似的保护作用,并且这两种 circRNA 都被选中用于无数其他疾病的研究。最新研究表明在糖尿病视网膜和对照视网膜中也显示出差异表达的 circRNA。一项关于氧诱导视网膜病变小鼠 circRNA 的研究导致构建了一个由 236 个 mRNA、4 个 circRNA 和 42 个预测 miRNA 组成的庞大网络,进一步说明了 circRNA-miRNA 相互作用的复杂性。
    来自美国威尔康奈尔大学的Aneliya Hanineva团队认为,尽管全面了解 circRNA 介导的信号传导存在固有挑战,但很明显 circRNA 本身可以作为视网膜疾病的有用生物标志物。生物标志物作为疾病进展的标志物非常重要,特别是对于难以预测的疾病,例如糖尿病视网膜病变。未来的研究可以通过多种途径推进 circRNA 在视网膜疾病中的研究。一方面,重要的是要注意 circRNAs 强调了 miRNAs 在视网膜变性中的重要作用。引起疾病的不一定是 circRNA 本身,而是它们在海绵 miRNA 中的失调通常会触发发病机制。这强调了开发最终影响 miRNA 作用的疗法的重要性,无论是通过设计靶向与 circRNA 失调相关的特定 miRNA 的抗 miRNA,设计人工 circRNA 序列来抑制特定 miRNA,还是可能利用内源性降解机制circRNA 本身仍然难以捉摸。需要进一步的研究来支持 circRNA 作为疾病发展和/或进展的生物标志物的作用,以及建立靶向 circRNA 治疗视网膜疾病的治疗潜力。
文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年 9 月 9 期发表。

Abstract: Retinal disorders are a group of ocular diseases whose onset is associated with a number of aberrant molecular and cellular processes or physical damages that affect retinal structure and function resulting in neural and vascular degeneration in the retina. Current research has primarily focused on delaying retinal disease with minimal success in preventing or reversing neuronal degeneration. In this review, we explore a relatively new field of research involving circular RNAs, whose potential roles as biomarkers and mediators of retinal disease pathogenesis have only just emerged. While knowledge of circular RNAs function is limited given its novelty, current evidence has highlighted their roles as modulators of microRNAs, regulators of gene transcription, and biomarkers of disease development and progression. Here, we summarize how circular RNAs may be implicated in the pathogenesis of common retinal diseases including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. Further, we explore the potential of circular RNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.

Key words: age-related macular degeneration, circular RNA, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, microRNA, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retina