中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 750-755.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.353482

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

星形胶质细胞转化为神经元的体内重编程

  

  • 出版日期:2023-04-15 发布日期:2022-10-27
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目;康复大学与中国康复研究中心联合培养博士研究生科研课题 

In vivo astrocyte-to-neuron reprogramming for central nervous system regeneration: a narrative review

Zuliyaer Talifu1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Jia-Yi Liu1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Yun-Zhu Pan1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Han Ke1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Chun-Jia Zhang1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Xin Xu1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Feng Gao1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *,#br# Yan Yu1, 3, 4, 5, Liang-Jie Du1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Jian-Jun Li1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, *#br#   

  1. 1School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;  2Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China;  3Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China;  4Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China;  5Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China;  6School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2023-04-15 Published:2022-10-27
  • Contact: Jian-Jun Li, MD, crrc100@163.com; Feng Gao, PhD, gaofeng5960@126.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82071214 (to JJL), Basic Scientific Research of the Central Public Research Institutes in China, No. 2021CZ-2 (to JJL), Special Fund for Joint Training of Doctoral Students between University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences and China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 2020kfdx-009 (to JJL and ZT).

摘要:

成年后中枢神经系统(CNS)中受损的神经元无法再生是神经科学的一个重大挑战。星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的重要组成部分,参与许多生理过程,包括血脑屏障的形成、轴突生长调节、神经元支持和更高的认知功能,如记忆。最近的重编程研究证实,成年中枢神经系统中的星形胶质细胞可以转化为功能性神经元。在体外工作的基础上,许多体内实验研究已经证明星形胶质细胞可以在不同的疾病模型中转化为神经元,以取代受损或丢失的细胞。然而,这一领域的许多发现仍有争议,如最关键的新生神经元的精确来源。文章总结了在脊髓损伤、脑损伤、亨廷顿病、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病和其他神经退行性疾病的动物模型中,将星形胶质细胞重新编程为神经元的研究进展。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-5971 (Jian-Jun Li)

Abstract: The inability of damaged neurons to regenerate within the mature central nervous system (CNS) is a significant neuroscientific challenge. Astrocytes are an essential component of the CNS and participate in many physiological processes including blood-brain barrier formation, axon growth regulation, neuronal support, and higher cognitive functions such as memory. Recent reprogramming studies have confirmed that astrocytes in the mature CNS can be transformed into functional neurons. Building on in vitro work, many studies have demonstrated that astrocytes can be transformed into neurons in different disease models to replace damaged or lost cells. However, many findings in this field are controversial, as the source of new neurons has been questioned. This review summarizes progress in reprogramming astrocytes into neurons in vivo in animal models of spinal cord injury, brain injury, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions. 

Key words: astrocyte, astrocyte-to-neuron, central nervous system, in vivo, nerve regeneration, neurological disorders, reprogramming, review