中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 1017-1022.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.355742

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

抗IgLON5疾病:超越神经免疫学的新课题

  

  • 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2022-11-01
  • 基金资助:
    上海市曙光计划项目、上海市优秀青年学者项目、上海市人才发展项目;上海市疾病预防控制中心临床研究计划

Anti-IgLON5 disease: a novel topic beyond neuroimmunology

Yi-ZongHeng Zhang1, #, You Ni1, #, Yi-Ning Gao1, #, Ding-Ding Shen1, 2, Lu He1, Dou Yin1, Huan-Yu Meng1, Qin-Ming Zhou1, *, #br# Ji Hu2, 3, 4, *, Sheng Chen1, 2, *#br#   

  1. 1Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;  2Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China;  3School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China;  4Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
  • Online:2023-05-15 Published:2022-11-01
  • Contact: Sheng Chen, MD, PhD, mztcs@163.com; Ji Hu, PhD, huji@shanghaitech.edu.cn; Qin-Ming Zhou, MD, PhD, zqmm2005@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by Shanghai Shuguang Plan Project, No. 18SG15, Shanghai Outstanding Young Scholars Project, Shanghai Talent Development Project, No. 2019044, Clinical Research Plan of SHDC, No. SHDC 2020CR2027B (all to SC).

摘要:

抗IgLON5(神经元细胞粘附蛋白)疾病是一种新发现的神经系统疾病,具有明显的临床异质性。抗IgLON5疾病发病机制非常复杂,早期诊断和治疗困难,已成为神经免疫学的研究 "热点"。虽然是一种神经系统的自身免疫性疾病,但由于IgLON5抗体的独特功能,抗IgLON5病具有神经变性的特点,具有tau蛋白病的神经病理改变,这种改变主要涉及下丘脑和脑干被盖,这扩大了对tau蛋白谱疾病的认识。,基础研究表明,与其他自身免疫性脑炎自身抗体相比,IgLON5抗体对神经元损伤和变性的影响是不可逆的,这表明自身免疫和神经退行性之间存在着潜在的联系。文章全面回顾和讨论抗IgLON5疾病涉及的基础和临床研究进展,以更好地了解这种复杂的疾病。

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7428-7153 (Sheng Chen); http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7930-2316 (Ji Hu)

Abstract: Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment, anti-IgLON5 disease has become the subject of considerable research attention in the field of neuroimmunology. Anti-IgLON5 disease has characteristics of both autoimmunity and neurodegeneration due to the unique activity of the anti-IgLON5 antibody. Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a tauopathy preferentially affecting the hypothalamus and brainstem tegmentum, potentially broadening our understanding of tauopathies. In contrast to that seen with other autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies, basic studies have demonstrated that IgLON5 antibody-induced neuronal damage and degeneration are irreversible, indicative of a potential link between autoimmunity and neurodegeneration in anti-IgLON5 disease. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss basic and clinical studies relating to anti-IgLON5 disease to better understand this complicated disorder.

Key words: anti-IgLON5 disease, autoimmune encephalitis, human leukocyte antigen, IgG4-related diseases, IgLON5 antibody, IgLONs, immunotherapy, inflammation, neurodegeneration, neuroimmunology, tauopathy