中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (11): 2489-2496.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.371399

• 原著:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

非CpG甲基化降低是脊髓损伤后重要的表观遗传靶点

  

  • 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-05-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0100800);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(81820108013);国家自然科学基金国家重点项目(81330030);国家自然科学基金项目(82071370,81301042);上海浦江项目(19PJ1409200),上海扬帆项目(21YF1442400)

Reduced non-CpG methylation is a potential epigenetic target after spinal cord injury

Zhourui Wu1, 2, 3, #, Chen Li1, 2, 3, #, Ran Zhu1, 3, #, Yiqiu Cao1, 3, Thomas C. Chen4, Liming Cheng1, 2, 3, *   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; 2Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; 3Institute of Spinal and Spinal Cord Injury, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; 4Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medical, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
  • Online:2023-11-15 Published:2023-05-05
  • Contact: Liming Cheng, MD, PhD, limingcheng@tongji.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2016YFA0100800 (to LC); the International (Regional) Cooperation and Communication Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81820108013 (to LC); the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81330030 (to LC); the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82071370 (to ZW), 81301042 (to LC); the Shanghai Pujiang Program, No. 19PJ1409200 (to ZW) and the Shanghai Sailing Program, No. 21YF1442400 (to CL).

摘要:

DNA甲基化是疾病发生发展的重要表观遗传调节因子;DNA甲基化调控已被证明与多种脊髓损伤相关的功能反应密切相关。为了解DNA甲基化在脊髓损伤中的作用,实验构建了小鼠脊髓损伤后0-42d的连续简并代表性亚硫酸氢盐序列文库(RRBS)。发现脊髓损伤后, DNA甲基化水平整体降低,尤其是非CpG类。基于整体DNA甲基化模式的相似性和层次聚类,使用分层聚类方法可将脊髓损伤分为3个阶段,第0-3天、第7-14 天、第28-42天,分别代表了脊髓损伤的早中晚期。非CpG甲基化尽管占总甲基化丰度的比例很小,但其水平,包括CHG和CHH甲基化水平,显著降低。启动子区、5'非翻译区、外显子、内含子和3'非翻译区中的非CpG甲基化水平均显著下降,而CpG甲基化水平几乎没有改变。约一半的差异甲基化区位于基因间区,CpG和非CpG区的其他差异甲基化主要聚集在内含子区中,且其中DNA甲基化水平最高。接下来分析了启动子区与差异甲基化区相关基因的功能。根据基因本体分析的结果,DNA甲基化与脊髓损伤的多项基本功能反应有关,包括神经元突触连接建立和轴突再生。令人惊讶的是,CpG甲基化和非CpG甲基化均与胶质细胞或炎性细胞功能反应无关。综上,此次实验得到了脊髓损伤后DNA甲基化的动态模式,并发现非CPG甲基化降低是小鼠脊髓损伤后重要的表观遗传靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-8211 (Liming Cheng)

Abstract: DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic regulator in the occurrence and development of diseases and is closely related to various functional responses in relation to spinal cord injury. To investigate the role of DNA methylation in spinal cord injury, we constructed a library with reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing data obtained at various time points (day 0–42) after spinal cord injury in mice. Global DNA methylation levels, specifically non-CpG (CHG and CHH) methylation levels, decreased modestly following spinal cord injury. Stages post-spinal cord injury were classified as early (day 0–3), intermediate (day 7–14), and late (day 28–42) based on similarity and hierarchical clustering of global DNA methylation patterns. The non-CpG methylation level, which included CHG and CHH methylation levels, was markedly reduced despite accounting for a minor proportion of total methylation abundance. At multiple genomic sites, including the 5′ untranslated regions, promoter, exon, intron, and 3′ untranslated regions, the non-CpG methylation level was markedly decreased following spinal cord injury, whereas the CpG methylation level remained unchanged at these locations. Approximately one-half of the differentially methylated regions were located in intergenic areas; the other differentially methylated regions in both CpG and non-CpG regions were clustered in intron regions, where the DNA methylation level was highest. The function of genes associated with differentially methylated regions in promoter regions was also investigated. From Gene Ontology analysis results, DNA methylation was implicated in a number of essential functional responses to spinal cord injury, including neuronal synaptic connection creation and axon regeneration. Notably, neither CpG methylation nor non-CpG methylation was implicated in the functional response of glial or inflammatory cells. In summary, our work elucidated the dynamic pattern of DNA methylation in the spinal cord following injury and identified reduced non-CpG methylation as an epigenetic target after spinal cord injury in mice. 

Key words: CpG methylation, cytosine fraction, differentially methylated regions, DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferases, dynamic signatures, Gene Ontology, non-CpG methylation, single-cell RNA-Seq, spinal cord injury