中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (12): 2711-2719.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.374654

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

抑制海马NMDAR1表达可改善重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤后的认知障碍

  

  • 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-06-15

Quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of the hippocampus reveal the involvement of NMDAR1 signaling in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury

Zhicheng Tian1, #, Zixuan Cao2, #, Erwan Yang1, #, Juan Li1, Dan Liao1, Fei Wang3, 4, Taozhi Wang3, 5, Zhuoyuan Zhang1, 6, Haofuzi Zhang1, Xiaofan Jiang1, *, Xin Li7, *, Peng Luo1, *#br#   

  1. 1Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China; 2The Sixth Regiment, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China; 3Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China; 4Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China; 5Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; 6School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China; 7Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-06-15
  • Contact: Peng Luo, MD, pengluo@fmmu.edu.cn; Xin Li, MD, li_xin_mail@126.com; Xiaofan Jiang, MD, jiangxf@fmmu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82171363 (to PL), 82171321 (to XL), 82171458 (to XJ); and the Youth Nova Program of Shaanxi, No. 2021KJXX-19 (to PL).

摘要:

重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤认知功能的改变被认为与海马结构损伤密切相关。然而,对于重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤后海马脑区的整体蛋白改变,目前仍缺乏研究。N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)在重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤中已有研究,主要集中在其亚基NMDAR2,对于NMDAR1的研究仍欠缺。为了探究重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致认知障碍的具体分子机制,实验建立重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤小鼠模型。新物体识别实验和Morris水迷宫实验测试结果显示,重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致小鼠产生了认知功能障碍。然后,为了验证海马脑区是否受损,对重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤小鼠海马进行了TUNEL染色和磷酸化tau蛋白染色。结果显示,重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤没有引起显著的海马神经元凋亡,但p-tau表达显著升高,这表明重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致海马脑区受损。进一步对重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤海马神经元进行高尔基染色,结果显示重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致海马神经元结构可塑性下降。基于重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致认知障碍及神经元结构损伤,对磷酸化组学中与神经元结构和功能相关的GO富集分析结果以及KEGG通路分析结果进行了深入分析。通过绘制Upset图,发现在GO和KEGG中最大交集程度包含2个关键分子:谷氨酸离子型受体NMDA型亚基1(Grin1)和谷氨酸离子型受体NMDA型亚基2A(Grin2A),即NMDAR1和NMDAR2。蛋白免疫印迹结果显示,重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤小鼠海马脑区NMDAR1表达量未发生变化,但其磷酸化水平显著升高,这与组学结果是相一致的。为了验证NMDAR1是否参与重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致认知障碍发生,对重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤小鼠海马脑区特异性给予NMDAR1拮抗剂CGP78608。结果显示,CGP78608导致重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤小鼠的NOR指数升高,这表明抑制NMDAR1可以改善重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致的认知障碍。总之,研究表明重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致海马脑区结构受损,小鼠产生认知障碍,海马的NMDAR1磷酸化水平显著升高。通过抑制海马的NMDAR1能够改善重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致的认知障碍。该研究揭示了NMDAR1信号转导是重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤导致慢性认知障碍的机制之一,可能是干预和治疗重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤的潜在靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0746-939X (Peng Luo); https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0904-3583 (Xin Li)

Abstract: The cumulative damage caused by repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can cause long-term neurodegeneration leading to cognitive impairment. This cognitive impairment is thought to result specifically from damage to the hippocampus. In this study, we detected cognitive impairment in mice 6 weeks after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury using the novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test. Immunofluorescence staining showed that p-tau expression was increased in the hippocampus after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Golgi staining showed a significant decrease in the total density of neuronal dendritic spines in the hippocampus, as well as in the density of mature dendritic spines. To investigate the specific molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment due to hippocampal damage, we performed proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of the hippocampus with and without repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly enriched in inflammation, immunity, and coagulation, suggesting that non-neuronal cells are involved in the pathological changes that occur in the hippocampus in the chronic stage after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. In contrast, differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins were mainly enriched in pathways related to neuronal function and structure, which is more consistent with neurodegeneration. We identified N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 as a hub molecule involved in the response to repetitive mild traumatic brain injury , and western blotting showed that, while N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 expression was not altered in the hippocampus after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury, its phosphorylation level was significantly increased, which is consistent with the omics results. Administration of GRP78608, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 antagonist, to the hippocampus markedly improved repetitive mild traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive impairment. In conclusion, our findings suggest that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 signaling in the hippocampus is involved in cognitive impairment in the chronic stage after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and may be a potential target for intervention and treatment.

Key words: cognitive impairment, Grin1, hippocampus, learning, memory, N-methyl-D-aspartate, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1, phosphoproteomic, proteomic, repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI), secondary injury