中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 43-48.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.375306

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经干细胞从静息态到激活态的代谢和蛋白稳态差异

  

  • 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2023-08-02

Metabolic and proteostatic differences in quiescent and active neural stem cells

Jiacheng Yu#, Gang Chen#, Hua Zhu, Yi Zhong, Zhenxing Yang, Zhihong Jian*, Xiaoxing Xiong*   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
  • Online:2024-01-15 Published:2023-08-02
  • Contact: Xiaoxing Xiong, MD, xiaoxingxiong@whu.edu.cn; Zhihong Jian, MD, zhihong@whu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82171336 (to XX).

摘要:

成体神经干细胞在神经发生中发挥着重要作用,使神经再生成为治疗许多神经系统疾病的有前途领域。神经干细胞的再生能力主要归功于稳定细胞,这意味着神经干细胞至少有两种状态:静息态到激活态;前者可称为静息态神经干细胞,它具有更稳定的特征,以保证干细胞池的数量和质量的稳定。激活态神经干细胞可以通过快速增殖和分化产生神经元,整合到神经环路中。文章重点讨论了静息态神经干细胞和激活态神经干细胞在营养代谢和蛋白质平衡方面的差异。同时,阐明了这些差异的生理意义和潜在优势。由于成体神经干细胞的研究数量有限,文章对胚胎神经干细胞或非哺乳动物神经干细胞与神经发生相关的作用机制进行了阐释。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6983-8547 (Xiaoxing Xiong)

Abstract: Adult neural stem cells are neurogenesis progenitor cells that play an important role in neurogenesis. Therefore, neural regeneration may be a promising target for treatment of many neurological illnesses. The regenerative capacity of adult neural stem cells can be characterized by two states: quiescent and active. Quiescent adult neural stem cells are more stable and guarantee the quantity and quality of the adult neural stem cell pool. Active adult neural stem cells are characterized by rapid proliferation and differentiation into neurons which allow for integration into neural circuits. This review focuses on differences between quiescent and active adult neural stem cells in nutrition metabolism and protein homeostasis. Furthermore, we discuss the physiological significance and underlying advantages of these differences. Due to the limited number of adult neural stem cells studies, we referred to studies of embryonic adult neural stem cells or non-mammalian adult neural stem cells to evaluate specific mechanisms.

Key words: adult neurogenesis, cell metabolic pathway, cellular proliferation, neural stem cell niches, neural stem cells, neuronal differentiation, nutrient sensing pathway, proteostasis