中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 277-281.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.375318

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

髓鞘组织学:神经系统研究的关键工具

  

  • 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2023-08-29

Myelin histology: a key tool in nervous system research

Óscar Darío García-García, Víctor Carriel*, Jesús Chato-Astrain*   

  1. Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, University of Granada & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
  • Online:2024-02-15 Published:2023-08-29
  • Contact: Jesús Chato-Astrain, MSc, PhD, jchato@ugr.es; Víctor Carriel, MSc, PhD, MBiol, PhD, vcarriel@ugr.es.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Spanish “Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)”, Grant FIS PI20-0318 co-financed by “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ERDF-FEDER European Union”; Grant P18-RT-5059 “Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PAIDI 2020), Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades, Junta de Andalucía, España” (all to VC) and Grant PPJIA2022-19 “Ayudas del plan propio UGR 2022, Plan propio de investigación y transferencia, Universidad de Granada, España” (to JCA and ÓDGG). 

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2378-2696 (Jesús Chato-Astrain); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8114-5644 (Víctor Carriel); 
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4710-0733 (Óscar Darío García-García)

Abstract: The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich, multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers. Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin, various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal, pathological or experimental conditions. Today, methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research. In this review, we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures, from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods. Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin, the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described, as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.

Key words: fluorescence microscopy, histology, light microscopy, lipid histochemistry, metallographic techniques, myelin histochemistry, myelin immunohistochemistry, myelin structure &, composition, myelin ultrastructural evaluation, tissue fixation &, processing