中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 397-398.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.375322

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

Lin28:中枢神经系统再生和修复的治疗靶点

  

  • 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2023-08-30

Lin28 as a therapeutic target for central nervous system regeneration and repair

Shuo Wang, Shuxin Li*   

  1. Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
  • Online:2024-02-15 Published:2023-08-30
  • Contact: Shuxin Li, MD, PhD, Shuxin.li@temple.edu.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5685-9701 (Shuxin Li)

Abstract: Axon disconnection in the central nervous system (CNS) usually causes signal transduction failure and severe functional deficits in patients with neurological disorders. Currently, there is no cure for patients with CNS axon injury and they usually suffer from life-long neurological defects (e.g., paralysis, loss of sensory function, and autonomic dysfunction) and life-threatening complications (e.g., autonomic dysreflexia). In contrast to sufficient regeneration of severed peripheral axons, CNS neurons generally fail to regrow their axons after axotomy. The nonpermissive extrinsic environment and reduced intrinsic regenerative capacity mostly contribute to the regeneration failure of CNS axons. Reactive glial scar tissue around the lesion may have beneficial effects by preventing the primary injury from spreading to adjacent regions at the acute stage, but it eventually hinders axon regrowth by producing physical scar barriers and inhibitory molecules, especially upregulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans around the lesion (Tran et al., 2018). Myelin-associated inhibitors generated by oligodendrocytes, including Nogo, myelin associated glycoprotein, and oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein, partly contribute to the failure of CNS axon regeneration. In the past decades, numerous neuroscientists have focused on identifying novel genes and highly effective strategies to boost the intrinsic growth capacity of mature neurons. A great number of signaling pathways (e.g., phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) and transcriptional factors (e.g., Krüppel-like factors, MYC proto-oncogene, and SRY-box transcription factor 11) can regulate the regrowth of injured CNS neurons (Williams et al., 2020). Targeting certain genes, such as PTEN suppression, could induce substantial regrowth of injured CNS neurons, but none of these gene targets have been translated to clinical trials for human treatments. It thus is necessary to identify better targets that may impact multiple pathways for cell growth and provide a more effective approach for CNS regeneration. Recently, the RNA-binding protein Lin28 has become an attractive molecular target for promoting the dramatic regeneration of lesioned CNS neurons (Wang et al., 2018; Nathan et al., 2020), indicating the therapeutic potential of targeting Lin28 and its associated genes for neurological disorders.