中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 1072-1077.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.382984

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

ATAT1缺失可增强小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞介导红细胞吞噬作用和脑内出血后的血肿吸收

  

  • 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2023-10-31

ATAT1 deficiency enhances microglia/macrophage-mediated erythrophagocytosis and hematoma absorption following intracerebral hemorrhage

Yihua Zhang, Ping Huang, Min Cao, Yi Chen, Xinhu Zhao, Xuzhi He, Lunshan Xu*   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
  • Online:2024-05-15 Published:2023-10-31
  • Contact: Lunshan Xu, MD, PhD, kangddong@sina.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by Science and Technology Innovation Enhancement Project of Army Medical University (to LX).

摘要:

小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞介导的红细胞吞噬作用在脑出血后的血肿清除中起着关键作用。细胞骨架的动态变化伴随着吞噬作用;然而,它们是否以及如何与小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞介导的红细胞吞噬作用相关仍不清楚。为了解微管的稳定性对小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞吞噬能力的影响,实验首先将标记了DIO-GFP的红细胞与BV2/RAW264.7细胞系共培养,然后流式筛选出吞噬红细胞后GFP阳性BV2/RAW264.7与未吞噬红细胞的GFP阴性BV2/RAW264.7,利用WB和免疫荧光染色检测发现GFP阳性BV2/RAW264.7的稳定型微管标志物-Ac α-tub表达显著降低。ATAT1是Ac α-tub的特异性乙酰基转移酶,实验利用shRNA干扰BV2/RAW264.7细胞的ATAT1表达,发现BV2/RAW264.7细胞吞噬红细胞的能力显著增强。实验进一步引入ATAT1敲除小鼠,并将标记DIO-GFP的红细胞注入纹状体模拟脑出血,发现ATAT1敲除组血肿周围GFP阳性的小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞比例显著增高。此外,ATAT1敲除组血肿吸收速度显著加快,且血肿周围促炎因子降低、抑炎因子升高。最后观察到ATAT1敲除组血肿周围神经元凋亡减少,ATAT1敲除组小鼠的运动功能也显著改善。说明ATAT1的缺失会加速小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的红细胞吞噬作用和脑出血后血肿的吸收,这为血肿清除机制提供了新的见解,并确定了治疗脑出血的干预靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-764X (Lunshan Xu)

Abstract: MIcroglia/macrophage-mediated erythrophagocytosis plays a crucial role in hematoma clearance after intracerebral hemorrhage. Dynamic cytoskeletal changes accompany phagocytosis. However, whether and how these changes are associated with microglia/macrophage-mediated erythrophagocytosis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the function of acetylated α-tubulin, a stabilized microtubule form, in microglia/macrophage erythrophagocytosis after intracerebral hemorrhage both in vitro and in vivo. We first assessed the function of acetylated α-tubulin in erythrophagocytosis using primary DiO GFP-labeled red blood cells co-cultured with the BV2 microglia or RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines. Acetylated α-tubulin expression was significantly decreased in BV2 and RAW264.7 cells during erythrophagocytosis. Moreover, silencing α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (ATAT1), a newly discovered α-tubulin acetyltransferase, decreased Ac-α-tub levels and enhanced the erythrophagocytosis by BV2 and RAW264.7 cells. Consistent with these findings, in ATAT1–/– mice, we observed increased ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and Perls-positive microglia/macrophage phagocytes of red blood cells in peri-hematoma and reduced hematoma volume in mice with intracerebral hemorrhage. Additionally, knocking out ATAT1 alleviated neuronal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines around the hematoma, ultimately improving neurological recovery of mice after intracerebral hemorrhage. These findings suggest that ATAT1 deficiency accelerates erythrophagocytosis by microglia/macrophages and hematoma absorption after intracerebral hemorrhage. These results provide novel insights into the mechanisms of hematoma clearance and suggest ATAT1 as a potential target for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Key words: acetylated α-tubulin, α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (ATAT1), erythrophagocytosis, hematoma absorption, intracerebral hemorrhage, macrophage, microglia