中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (9): 1887-.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.390981

• 观点:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

星形胶质细胞氯化物、兴奋抑制平衡与癫痫

  

  • 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-01-25

Astrocyte chloride, excitatory-inhibitory balance and epilepsy

Verena Untiet*, Maiken Nedergaard, Alexei Verkhratsky   

  1. Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Untiet V, Nedergaard M, Verkhratsky A) 
    Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA (Nedergaard M) 
    Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (Verkhratsky A)
    Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain (Verkhratsky A)
  • Online:2024-09-15 Published:2024-01-25
  • Contact: Verena Untiet, Dr., verena@sund.ku.dk.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-6378 (Verena Untiet)

Abstract: Excitation and inhibition are at the core of brain function and malfunction. To sustain the activity of neuronal networks over time and space, glutamatergic excitation is balanced by GABAergic inhibition. The equipoise of excitation and inhibition, known as the excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, is crucial for proper brain function. The E/I balance is highly dynamic and shifts across different brain states: wakefulness primarily augments excitatory activity, while sleep promotes a decrease in excitation and an increase in inhibition (Bridi et al., 2020). Neuronal activity during various brain states is primarily regulated by neurotransmitters (Schiemann et al., 2015), alongside non-synaptic mechanisms that operate on a slower timescale. The non-synaptic mechanisms are many, with the ionic composition of the extracellular space playing a significant role; altering extracellular ion concentrations affects sleep, arousal, electroencephalogram patterns, and behavioral states (Ding et al., 2016).