中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (10): 2119-2131.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.391329

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

连接创伤性脑损伤中的细胞机制和细胞外囊泡货物

  

  • 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-01-29

Connecting cellular mechanisms and extracellular vesicle cargo in traumatic brain injury

Nikita Ollen-Bittle1, 2, Austyn D. Roseborough1, 2, Wenxuan Wang1, 2, Jeng-liang D. Wu1, Shawn N. Whitehead1, 2, 3, *   

  1. 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada; 2Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; 3Deparment of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
  • Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-01-29
  • Contact: Shawn N. Whitehead, PhD, shawn.whitehead@schulich.uwo.ca.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) (to ADR and WW); Ontario Graduate Scholarship (to NOB); Alzheimer’s Society of Canada, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, CIHR, and the Canadian Consortium for Neurodegeneration and Aging (CCNA) (to SNW).

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4728-8067 (Shawn N. Whitehead)

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury is followed by a cascade of dynamic and complex events occurring at the cellular level. These events include: diffuse axonal injury, neuronal cell death, blood-brain barrier break down, glial activation and neuroinflammation, edema, ischemia, vascular injury, energy failure, and peripheral immune cell infiltration. The timing of these events post injury has been linked to injury severity and functional outcome. Extracellular vesicles are membrane bound secretory vesicles that contain markers and cargo pertaining to their cell of origin and can cross the blood-brain barrier. These qualities make extracellular vesicles intriguing candidates for a liquid biopsy into the pathophysiologic changes occurring at the cellular level post traumatic brain injury. Herein, we review the most commonly reported cargo changes in extracellular vesicles from clinical traumatic brain injury samples. We then use knowledge from animal and in vitro models to help infer what these changes may indicate regrading cellular responses post traumatic brain injury. Future research should prioritize labeling extracellular vesicles with markers for distinct cell types across a range of timepoints post traumatic brain injury.

Key words: axonal injury, biomarkers, blood-brain barrier, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, extracellular vesicles, glial activation, neuroinflammation, traumatic brain injury