中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2024, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 598-608.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01219

• 原著:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    

光生物调节: 促进脂肪干细胞向神经元样细胞转分化的新方法

  

  • 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2024-06-18
  • 基金资助:
    国家研究基金会(NRF)S&F -Scarce Skills 博士后奖学金;全球卓越与地位、第四次工业革命(GES 4.0)研究生奖学金;南非科技部和南非国家研究基金会的南非研究主席倡议(SARChI/NRF-DST)项目

Photobiomodulation: a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

Daniella Da Silva, Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg, Anine Crous*, Heidi Abrahamse   

  1. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa
  • Online:2025-02-15 Published:2024-06-18
  • Contact: Anine Crous, PhD, acrous@uj.ac.za.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) S&F -Scarce Skills Postdoctoral Fellowship, No. 120752 (to AC); the Global Excellence and Stature, Fourth Industrial Revolution (GES 4.0) Postgraduate Scholarship (to MJR); the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation of South Africa (SARChI/NRF-DST), No. 146290 (to DDS and HA).

摘要:

光生物调节(Photobiomodulation,PBM)是将激光应用于组织以改变细胞代谢的方法,其中包括可见光和近红外光谱。451-540 nm波长的可见光谱不一定会增加细胞增殖,而近红外光则会促进脂肪干细胞 的增殖,并影响 脂肪干细胞 的迁移,而细胞迁移是细胞归巢到损伤部位所必需的。实验研究了各种生物和化学诱导剂对永生化脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)向神经元转分化的影响,并评估了使用波长825 nm的近红外和525 nm绿色激光(5 J/cm²)进行光生物调节(PBM)的效果。结果显示,绿色激光刺激会导致脂肪干细胞向神经元细胞进行转分化的明显形态变化,显示其促分化作用。近红外光生物调节则明显增加了脂肪干细胞向神经元细胞转分化的神经元标记物表达。光生物调节还改善了向神经元样细胞转分化的脂肪干细胞存活、增殖、膜通透性和线粒体膜电位,并提高了神经元特异性烯醇化酶和睫状神经营养因子的蛋白水平。该研究结果证明,光生物调节可提高永生化 脂肪干细胞向神经元样细胞转分化的能力,为其在神经退行性疾病和脑损伤的再生医学中的应用提供了广阔的前景。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7581-7731 (Anine Crous)

Abstract: Photobiomodulation, originally used red and near-infrared lasers, can alter cellular metabolism. It has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451–540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation, near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration, which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of injury. In this in vitro study, we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries. We investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/cm2. As adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory effects. Our findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers, with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control group. Interestingly, green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation, while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal markers. Through biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we observed marked improvements in viability, proliferation, membrane permeability, and mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic factor. Overall, our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells, offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

Key words: differentiation inducers, green photobiomodulation, immortalized adipose-derived stem cell, near-infrared photobiomodulation, neurodegenerative disease, neurogenesis, photobiomodulation, trans-differentiation