中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (9): 2727-2736.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01233

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    

CHI3L1通过M2小胶质细胞极化改善术后认知功能障碍

  

  • 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2024-12-30
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81730033, 82171193);“十三五”卫生重点人才工程(ZDRCA2016069);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2001901);江苏省医学重点学科(ZDXK202232)

Recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 alleviates learning and memory impairments via M2 microglia polarization in postoperative cognitive dysfunction mice

Yujia Liu1, 2, 3, 4, 5, #, Xue Han1, 2, 3, 4, #, Yan Su1, 2, 3, 4, Yiming Zhou1, 2, 3, 4, Minhui Xu2, 3, 4, Jiyan Xu1, 2, 3, 4, Zhengliang Ma1, *, Xiaoping Gu1, *, Tianjiao Xia2, 3, 4, *   

  1. 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; 2 Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China;  3 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China;  4 State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China;  5 Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  • Online:2025-09-15 Published:2024-12-30
  • Contact: Zhengliang Ma, PhD, mazhengliang1964@nju.edu.cn; Xiaoping Gu, PhD, xiaopinggu@nju.edu.cn; Tianjiao Xia, PhD, tjxia@nju.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81730033, 82171193 (to XG); the Key Talent Project for Strengthening Health during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period, No. ZDRCA2016069 (to XG); the National Key R&D Program of China, No. 2018YFC2001901 (to XG); and Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline, No. ZDXK202232 (to XG).

摘要:


术后认知功能障碍是指麻醉和手术后发生的中枢神经系统严重并发症。然而,由于术后认知功能障碍发病机制的复杂性,目前仍没有有效可行的治疗方案。随着新的基因-基因和基因-功能关系的发现,生物信息学数据库的不断更新,需要重新探索与分析术后认知功能障碍发病机制中潜在的核心基因为今后的研究提供新的研究方向和治疗靶点。为了确定导致术后认知功能障碍的信号机制,实验首先对GEO数据库GSE95426数据集进行了GO和KEGG通路富集分析。发现了与“免疫细胞调节”生物过程密切相关的枢纽基因Chil1, 接着建立了胫骨骨折髓内固定术作为术后认知功能障碍模型验证了编码蛋白在术后认知功能障碍小鼠海马组织中的表达。小鼠手术后24h腹腔注射载体或重组CHI3L1,并设不处理小鼠为对照组,进行Y-迷宫和恐惧条件反射测试,比较学习和记忆功能。通过Western印迹法测定海马促炎因子白细胞介素1β和诱导型一氧化氮合酶,M2型巨噬细胞标记物CD206和Arg-1和认知相关蛋白脑源性神经营养因子和磷酸化NMDA受体亚基NR2的蛋白表达水平。发现rCHI3L1能预防手术引起的认知障碍,下调白细胞介素1β和诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达,并上调CD206、Arg-1、pNR2B和脑源性神经营养因子的表达。说明rCHI3L1 可通过海马中的 M2 小胶质细胞极化减轻神经炎症,从而改善手术引起的认知功能下降。因此,rCHI3L1 可能具有治疗术后认知功能障碍的潜力。


https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6524-4186 (Zhengliang Ma); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-7299 (Xiaoping Gu); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-4651 (Tianjiao Xia)

Abstract: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a severe complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery, and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of patients. To date, there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future research. To identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction, we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset, which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus 3 days after tibial fracture. The dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process “regulation of immune cells,” of which Chil1 was identified as a hub gene. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3–like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fracture surgery. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3–like protein 1 24 hours post-surgery, and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning tests. In addition, protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors (interleukin-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase), M2-type macrophage markers (CD206 and arginase-1), and cognition-related proteins (brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit NR2B) were measured in hippocampus by western blotting. Treatment with recombinant chitinase-3–like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment, downregulated interleukin-1β and nducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and upregulated CD206, arginase-1, pNR2B, and brain-derived neurotropic factor expression compared with vehicle treatment. Intraperitoneal administration of the specific ERK inhibitor PD98059 diminished the effects of recombinant chitinase-3–like protein 1. Collectively, our findings suggest that recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 ameliorates surgery-induced cognitive decline by attenuating neuroinflammation via M2 microglial polarization in the hippocampus. Therefore, recombinant chitinase-3–like protein 1 may have therapeutic potential for postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Key words: Chil1,  hippocampus,  learning and memory,  M2 microglia,  neuroinflammation,  postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD),   recombinant CHI3L1