中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 491-502.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01263

• 原著:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

低密度脂蛋白受体过表达抑制缺血性脑卒中星形胶质细胞的神经毒性极化

  

  • 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2024-06-18
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82201460);南京医科大学科技发展基金(NMUB20210202)

Overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor prevents neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in experimental ischemic stroke

Shuai Feng1, #, Juanji Li2, #, Tingting Liu1, Shiqi Huang1, Xiangliang Chen1, Shen Liu1, Junshan Zhou1, Hongdong Zhao1, *, Ye Hong1, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Neurology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2025-02-15 Published:2024-06-18
  • Contact: Hongdong Zhao, MD, redeastzh@126.com; Ye Hong, PhD, hongye19920920@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82201460 (to YH); Nanjing Medical University Science and Technology Development Fund, No. NMUB20210202 (to YH).

摘要:

靶向神经毒性星形胶质细胞是减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤的一种很有前景的治疗方法。低密度脂蛋白受体是一种典型的胆固醇调节受体,已被证实能抑制脑缺血再灌注损伤后神经元中NLRP3炎性体的激活,并抑制阿尔茨海默病中小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的激活。然而,低密度脂蛋白受体是否可在缺血性脑卒中模型中调控星形细胞极化表型尚不明确。实验旨在探讨低密度脂蛋白受体在缺血性脑卒中模型中调控星形胶质细胞极化的作用和机制。首先,免疫荧光染色和 Western 印迹检测发现,脑缺血再灌注和氧糖剥夺复氧条件下低密度脂蛋白受体在星形胶质细胞中的表达显著下调。其次,用星形胶质细胞特异性腺相关病毒(AAV-GFAP-LDLR)诱导星形胶质细胞特异性过表达低密度脂蛋白受体,可改善脑缺血再灌注小鼠神经功能,并将神经毒性星形胶质细胞逆转为神经保护表型。最后,实验发现过表达低密度脂蛋白受体可抑制氧糖剥夺复氧损伤星形胶质细胞中 NLRP3 炎性体的活化,加入 NLRP3 激动剂尼格列汀可恢复星形胶质细胞的神经毒性表型。因此,在星形胶质细胞中过表达低密度脂蛋白受体可抑制神经毒性型星形胶质细胞相关神经损伤,其可能在未来缺血性脑卒中再灌注损伤的治疗中发挥重要作用。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8630-2586 (Hongdong Zhao); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8271-1487 (Ye Hong)

Abstract: Neurotoxic astrocytes are a promising therapeutic target for the attenuation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Low-density lipoprotein receptor, a classic cholesterol regulatory receptor, has been found to inhibit NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in neurons following ischemic stroke and to suppress the activation of microglia and astrocytes in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. However, little is known about the effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor on astrocytic activation in ischemic stroke. To address this issue in the present study, we examined the mechanisms by which low-density lipoprotein receptor regulates astrocytic polarization in ischemic stroke models. First, we examined low-density lipoprotein receptor expression in astrocytes via immunofluorescence staining and western blotting analysis. We observed significant downregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor following middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. Second, we induced the astrocyte-specific overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor using astrocyte-specific adeno-associated virus. Low-density lipoprotein receptor overexpression in astrocytes improved neurological outcomes in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and reversed neurotoxic astrocytes to create a neuroprotective phenotype. Finally, we found that the overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injured astrocytes and that the addition of nigericin, an NLRP3 agonist, restored the neurotoxic astrocyte phenotype. These findings suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor could inhibit the NLRP3-meidiated neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes and that increasing low-density lipoprotein receptor in astrocytes might represent a novel strategy for treating cerebral ischemic stroke.

Key words: inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion injury, ischemic stroke, low-density lipoprotein receptor, neuroprotective astrocytes, neurotoxic astrocytes, NLRP3 inflammasome, polarization