中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (12): 3564-3573.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00628

• 原著:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经根磁刺激通过上升感觉通路增强损伤脊髓突触的可塑性

  

  • 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-03-17

Nerve root magnetic stimulation regulates the synaptic plasticity of injured spinal cord by ascending sensory pathway

Ya Zheng1 , Lingyun Cao2 , Dan Zhao3 , Qi Yang4, †, Chunya Gu4 , Yeran Mao5 , Guangyue Zhu2 , Yulian Zhu1, 6, *, Jing Zhao7, *, Dongsheng Xu2, 8, 9, *   

  1. 1 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;  2 School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;  3 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China;  4 Rehabilitation Medical Center, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;  5 Department of Rehabilitation, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;  6 National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China;  7 Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China;  8 Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China;  9 Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China  †Current address: Ruijin Road Sub-district Office, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-03-17
  • Contact: Dongsheng Xu, MD, dxu0927@shutcm.edu.cn; Jing Zhao, MD, zhao_jing@fudan.edu.cn; Yulian Zhu, MD, zyljully@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81772453 (to DX), 81974358 (to DX), 81973157 (to JZ), 82173646 (to JZ), 82302866 (to YZ).

摘要:

促进突触可塑性和诱导残余神经纤维功能重组对脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复具有巨大的临床意义。以神经根为新刺激靶点的神经根磁刺激可被证实通过促进损伤脊髓的神经传导和感觉运动皮质突触超微结构的恢复来改善运动功能。然而,人们对神经根磁刺激在脊髓中促进运动功能恢复的神经生理机制知之甚少,对神经可塑性的作用尚不明确。此次实验通过在成年雄性SD大鼠T10脊髓行中度压缩损伤建立脊髓损伤模型,而后从损伤后第3天起连续3周对L5神经根进行磁刺激。损伤第22天时可见,神经根磁刺激可下调脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织中炎症因子白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子α水平,并减少神经元损伤和胶质瘢痕形成,增加损伤脊髓中神经元数量。此外,神经根磁刺激还可减少脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织中神经递质乙酰胆碱、谷氨酸和多巴胺的释放,并增加与突触可塑性相关通路中PSD95、GAP43和Synapsin II的mRNA和蛋白的表达。因此,神经根磁刺激可减轻损伤脊髓中神经元损伤,增强突触结构和功能可塑性,并抑制炎症反应。这些发现为神经根磁刺激在脊髓损伤中的临床应用提供了实验室证据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8477-5377 (Dongsheng Xu); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5197-9181 (Jing Zhao); 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-144X (Yulian Zhu)



关键词:

脊髓损伤, 磁刺激, 神经根, 神经功能, 突触可塑性, 神经递质, 突触传递, 炎症, 神经元损伤, 突触

Abstract: Promoting synaptic plasticity and inducing functional reorganization of residual nerve fibers hold clinical significance for restoring motor function following spinal cord injury. Neuromagnetic stimulation targeting the nerve roots has been shown to improve motor function by enhancing nerve conduction in the injured spinal cord and restoring the synaptic ultrastructure of both the sensory and motor cortex. However, our understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms by which nerve root magnetic stimulation facilitates motor function recovery in the spinal cord is limited, and its role in neuroplasticity remains unclear. In this study, we established a model of spinal cord injury in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats by applying moderate compression at the T10 vertebra. We then performed magnetic stimulation on the L5 nerve root for 3 weeks, beginning on day 3 post-injury. At day 22 post-injury, we observed that nerve root magnetic stimulation downregulated the level of interleukin-6 in the injured spinal cord tissue of rats. Additionally, this treatment reduced neuronal damage and glial scar formation, and increased the number of neurons in the injured spinal cord. Furthermore, nerve root magnetic stimulation decreased the levels of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, and increased the expression of synaptic plasticity-related mRNA and proteins PSD95, GAP43, and Synapsin II. Taken together, these results showed that nerve root magnetic stimulation alleviated neuronal damage in the injured spinal cord, regulated synaptic plasticity, and suppressed inflammatory responses. These findings provide laboratory evidence for the clinical application of nerve root magnetic stimulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Key words: dendrite, inflammation, magnetic stimulation, nerve root, neurological function, neuronal damage, neurotransmitter, spinal cord injury, synaptic plasticity, synaptic transmission