中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (7): 2787-2809.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01523

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    

脂质代谢、小胶质细胞与脑卒中

  

  • 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2025-10-17
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82101412),上海市卫健委卓越项目(20224Z0008), 海军军医大学海军特色医学中心“强基计划”(23M2702)

Lipid metabolism, microglia, and stroke

Lei Chen1, #, Minmin Zhang1, #, Wei Wei2, #, Qiang Li1 , Lijun Wang1 , Ming Zhao2 , He Li3 , Hongye Xu1 , Pengfei Yang1, *, Ping Zhang1, 2, *   

  1. 1 Department of Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China;  2 Department of Neurology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China;  3 Department of Emergency, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
  • Online:2026-07-15 Published:2025-10-17
  • Contact: Ping Zhang, MD, pingzhang1121@163.com; Pengfei Yang, MD, 15921196312@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, No. 20224Z0008 (to PY); the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82101412 (to MZ); the Science Foundation of Naval Medical Center of PLA, No. 23M2702 (to MZ); and National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2023YFC2506506 (QL).

摘要:

小胶质细胞、脂质及其相互作用在脑卒中后免疫中起着重要的作用。小胶质细胞对检测受损大脑的环境变化十分敏感。活化的小胶质细胞经历表型重塑,并触发复杂的信号级联来调节脑卒中后的免疫反应。脂质,包括外周脂质代谢和脂滴生物合成,均参与了小胶质细胞功能(如激活、吞噬、增殖、促炎)的调节。此次综述探索了小胶质细胞和脂质在脑卒中免疫调节中的新作用。文章首先总结了脑卒中后外周脂质代谢的意义,然后讨论了小胶质细胞与脂质相互作用的研究进展,特别关注饮食和肠道微生物组如何通过肠脑轴影响神经炎症系统,以及这些过程如何与脑卒中风险和预后的关系。此外,文章还回顾了与脑卒中后脂质代谢和小胶质细胞调节相关的治疗靶点。这可为缺血性和出血性脑卒中提供一种更安全有效治疗的潜在策略。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-675X (Ping Zhang)

关键词: 小胶质细胞, 脂质, 代谢, 炎症, 再生, 缺血性脑卒中, 脑出血, 饮食, 肠道微生物组, 治疗靶点

Abstract: Microglia, lipids, and their interaction are found to play important roles in post-stroke immunity. Microglia are sensitive to detect environment change in injured brain. Activated microglia undergo phenotypical remodeling and trigger complex signal cascades to regulate immune responses after stroke. Lipids including peripheral lipid metabolism and lipid droplet biogenesis are involved in the control of microglia functions, such as activation, phagocytosis, proliferation, and pro-inflammation. In this review, we explore new scope of microglia and lipids in immune regulation of stroke. Implication of peripheral lipid metabolism after stroke is mentioned and advances in microglia-lipid interaction are discussed. We give a special focus on how diet and gut microbiome influence neuroinflammation system via gut–brain axis, and how these processes associate with the risk and outcome of stroke. Moreover, we reviewed the therapeutic targets related to lipid metabolism and microglial modulation after stroke. These can provide a prospective strategy for more efficient and safer treatment for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Key words: cerebral hemorrhage, diet, gut microbiome, inflammation, ischemic stroke, lipid, metabolism, microglia, regeneration, therapeutic targets