中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2012, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (29): 2259-2266.

• 综述:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

周围神经损伤后炎性细胞因子的表现

  

  • 收稿日期:2012-05-11 修回日期:2012-07-10 出版日期:2012-10-15 发布日期:2012-10-15

Role of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral nerve injury

Federica Fregnan 1, 2, Luisa Muratori 1, 2, Anabel Rodriguez Simões1, Maria Giuseppina Giacobini-Robecchi1, Stefania Raimondo 1, 2   

  1. 1 Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano 10043, Turin, Italy
    2 Neuroscience Institute of the “Cavalieri Ottolenghi” Foundation, Orbassano 10043, Turin, Italy
  • Received:2012-05-11 Revised:2012-07-10 Online:2012-10-15 Published:2012-10-15
  • Contact: Raimondo Stefania, Ph.D., Assistant professor, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano 10043, Turin, Italy stefania.raimondo@unito.it
  • About author:Fregnan Federica☆, Ph.D., Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano 10043, Turin, Italy

PDF

831

Abstract:

Inflammatory events occurring in the distal part of an injured peripheral nerve have, nowadays, a great resonance. Investigating the timing of action of the several cytokines in the important stages of Wallerian degeneration helps to understand the regenerative process and design pharmacologic intervention that promotes and expedites recovery. The complex and synergistic action of inflammatory cytokines finally promotes axonal regeneration. Cytokines can be divided into pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that upregulate and downregulate, respectively, the production of inflammatory mediators. While pro-inflammatory cytokines are expressed in the first phase of Wallerian degeneration and promote the recruitment of macrophages, anti-inflammatory cytokines are expressed after this recruitment and downregulate the production of all cytokines, thus determining the end of the process. In this review, we describe the major inflammatory cytokines involved in Wallerian degeneration and the early phases of nerve regeneration. In particular, we focus on interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-β, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β.

Key words: pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory reaction, peripheral nervous system, nerve injury, wallerian degeneration, Schwann cells, macrophage, axonal regeneration, myelin, neural regeneration