中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (10): 1568-1569.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.165306

• 观点:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米粒子促进神经元再生的潜力?

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-08-06 出版日期:2015-10-28 发布日期:2015-10-28

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: promote neuronal regenerative capacity?

Jenni Neubert, Anja U. Bräuer*   

  1. Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany (Neubert J)
    Institute for Anatomy, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Gertrudenstraße 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany (Bräuer AU)
  • Received:2015-08-06 Online:2015-10-28 Published:2015-10-28
  • Contact: Anja U. Br?uer, Ph.D.,anja.braeuer@med.uni-rostock.de.
  • Supported by:

    The authors thank Andreas Wree for reading the paper and Kimberly Mason for her excellent help in polishing the paper as a native speaker.

摘要:

德国柏林大学夏里特医学院Anja U Bräuer教授系统地分析了4种不同类型的超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒对鼠脑细胞的作用,这4种纳米颗粒显示出对脑细胞的不同作用,并且指出,纳米颗粒的作用效果与纳米颗粒的表面涂层、电荷、尺寸、浓度及暴露时间及细胞培养浓度相关。在与神经元和神经胶质细胞共培养的环境下,超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒并未导致神经突起的减少,而是呈现出颗粒和剂量依赖性神经突起的分枝增强。纳米颗粒已被证明是用于基础研究的有力工具。这一趋势有望在临床应用领域方面有所拓展。

Abstract:

Based on our findings and those of other investigators, we postulate that there are a variety of possibilities for promoting neuronal regeneration using SPIOs. Compared to in vivo testing, our in vitro studies do have some limitations, e.g., they do not permit the assessment of three-dimensional network interaction. However, in vitro SPIO studies are certainly necessary to clarify particle- and cell type-induced effects that exclude external stimuli. In addition, the benefits of nanoparticles must be weighed against their potential adverse effects. In particular, it is essential to refer more to physicochemical features including size, surface coating and SPIO charge as these strongly influence e.g. their degradation, target specificity, and long-term storage. Furthermore, SPIOs may induce the release of mediators for inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress through microglial and astrocyte activation. The complex interaction of signaling molecules at both the inter- and intracellular levels is challenging for precisely determining SPIO-induced effects. We need a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms induced by SPIOs to develop safety guidelines for their clinical application. Nevertheless, nanoparticles have already proven to be powerful tools for basic research and offer many advantages. This trend is expected to expand in terms of their fields of application.