中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (12): 1947-1948.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.169616

• 观点:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

糖生物工程可促进周围神经再生

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-09-25 出版日期:2015-12-30 发布日期:2015-12-30

N-Propionylmannosamine: using biochemical glycoengineering to promote peripheral nerve regeneration

Georgios Koulaxouzidis, Werner Reutter, Christian Witzel*   

  1. Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany (Koulaxouzidis G)
    Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie Charité-Universitätsmedizin (Freie Universität Berlin), Berlin-Dahlem, Germany (Reutter W)
    Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Witzel C)
  • Received:2015-09-25 Online:2015-12-30 Published:2015-12-30
  • Contact: Christian Witzel, M.D.,Christian.witzel@charite.de.

摘要:

糖生物工程是继基因工程、蛋白质工程之后最引人注目的一个崭新的生物技术领域,被科技界称为是第三代生物技术,它已经广泛地应用于医药、农业、食品、化工、能源、环保等领域。最近的研究结果表明,糖链结构的改变和很多疾病的发生是相伴随的。与中枢神经系统相比,周围神经系统具有自发再生的能力,然而,周围神经系统中的神经重建目前仍是一个重大的挑战。因为神经修复后的功能结果并不乐观,定量参数的轴突数量和髓鞘再生的程度,以及正确的轴突靶器官分配、再生时间以及靶器官的质量都影响着再生的效果。糖蛋白和神经节苷脂唾液酸在神经系统的发育、再生和可塑性中有着不可或缺的作用。神经细胞粘附分子的聚唾液酸是一个重要转译后修饰物,对神经系统发育至关重要。神经细胞粘附分子的聚唾液酸在成年期会逐渐减少,但神经损伤后会再次增加,从而有助于再生成功。

Abstract:

The peripheral nervous system, in contrast to the central nervous system, is capable of spontaneous regeneration. However, nerve reconstruction in the peripheral nervous system remains a major challenge, as the functional outcomes following nerve repair are variable. Quantitative parameters such as the number of regenerating axons and degree of myelination are crucial, but correct axon target organ allocation, time to regeneration and target organ quality are also equally important. Sialic acid of glycoproteins and gangliosides plays an integral role in the development and regeneration of the nervous system, as well as in neural plasticity. Polysialylation of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is an important posttranslational modification that is crucial to the development of the nervous system. Polysialylation of NCAM decreases during adulthood, but increases again after nerve injury and thus contributes to regeneration success.