中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (12): 2062-2071.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.172328

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

创伤性脑损伤大脑神经网络结构及功能连接

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-06-08 出版日期:2015-12-30 发布日期:2015-12-30
  • 基金资助:

    国家教育部博士点基金资助项目(14MS122)

Structural and functional connectivity in traumatic brain injury

Hui Xiao1, 3, #, Yang Yang2, #, Ji-hui Xi3, Zi-qian Chen1, *   

  1. 1 Center of Medical Imaging, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
    2 Department of Emergency, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
    3 Department of Medical Imaging, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2015-06-08 Online:2015-12-30 Published:2015-12-30
  • Contact: Zi-qian Chen, M.D., chenziqianfz@sina.com.
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by a grant from the Medical Scientific Research Programs of Nan-jing Military Command, No. 14MS122.

摘要:

创伤性脑损伤患者常会存在认知和神经精神问题,但其发生机制尚未得到充分认识。神经影像技术弥散张量成像和功能MRI的发展使人们对人类大脑结构和功能连接有了新的认识。应用这些影像学技术可能在微结构水平探查局部或整个大脑神经网络的特征。文章综述了创伤性脑损伤大脑异常神经网络的神经影像学研究进展,主要聚集于大脑结构和功能连接。

关键词: 神经再生, 创伤性脑损伤, 脑创伤, 神经连接, 神经组, 弥散张量成像, 神经影像, 功能MRI, 认知

Abstract:

Traumatic brain injury survivors often experience cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying specific impairments are not fully understood. Advances in neuroimaging techniques (such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI) have given us new insights on structural and functional connectivity patterns of the human brain in both health and disease. The connectome derived from connectivity maps reflects the entire constellation of distributed brain networks. Using these powerful neuroimaging approaches, changes at the microstructural level can be detected through regional and global properties of neuronal networks. Here we will review recent developments in the study of brain network abnormalities in traumatic brain injury, mainly focusing on structural and functional connectivity. Some connectomic studies have provided interesting insights into the neurological dysfunction that occurs following traumatic brain injury. These techniques could eventually be helpful in developing imaging biomarkers of cognitive and neurobehavioral sequelae, as well as predicting outcome and prognosis.    

Key words: nerve regeneration, traumatic brain injury, brain trauma, connectivity, diffusion tensor imaging, resting-state fMRI, connectome, default mode network, cognition, neural regeneration