中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (9): 1375-1378.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.191196

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脑缺血性损伤中血液miRNA是潜在的诊断和预后标记

  

  • 收稿日期:2016-09-08 出版日期:2016-09-30 发布日期:2016-09-30

Blood microRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in cerebral ischemic injury

Bridget Martinez1, Philip V. Peplow2, *   

  1. 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Merced, CA, USA 2 Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
  • Received:2016-09-08 Online:2016-09-30 Published:2016-09-30
  • Contact: Philip V. Peplow, Ph.D., phil.peplow@otago.ac.nz

摘要:

现已有研究大量报道miRNA对缺血性脑卒中的潜在诊断价值,但有效的miRNA类型尚未被明确鉴定。在不同阵列平台上miRNA 表达水平都有差异,这一点是当前miRNA 研究的技术挑战和局限之处。最近的一项严谨研究显示,不同测定之间都有其固有的问题。文章中强调了miRNA研究的复杂性和新技术使用的局限性,同时提出需要使用多种方法验证miRNA表达的变化,其中的关键是要识别和验证miRNA/mRNA靶对。库恩等人在2008年提出:(1)必须验证miRNA/mRNA的靶相互作用;(2)miRNA和预测的mRNA目标必须共表达;(3)给定的miRNA必须在目标蛋白的表达上达到预测影响;(4)miRNA介导的靶基因表达调节等同于改变生物功能。在miRNA研究的下一个十年中,科学家们需要努力推进和开发能够分析和验证miRNA的必要工具,因为这些工具对于miRNA介导转录后基因表达与疾病之间建立直接关系是至关重要的。

orcid: 0000-0001-5468-1989 (Philip V. Peplow)

Abstract: MicroRNAs are a family of small, genome-encoded endogenous RNAs that are transcribed but are not translated into proteins. They serve essential roles in virtually every aspect of brain function, including neurogenesis, neural development, and cellular responses leading to changes in synaptic plasticity. They are also implicated in neurodegeneration and neurological disorders, in responses to hypoxia and ischemia, and in ischemic tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning. In recent developments, miRNA expression profling has been examined in stroke, and these studies indicate that miRNAs have emerged as key mediators in ischemic stroke biology. Both increased and decreased miRNA levels may be needed either as prevention or treatment of stroke. Novel approaches are being developed to get miRNA related therapeutics into the brain across an intact blood-brain barrier, including chemical modifcation, use of targeting molecules and methods to disrupt the blood-brain barrier."

Key words: blood microRNAs, diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic biomarkers, cerebral ischemic injury, ischemic stroke, human patients, rat and mouse models