中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (10): 2291-2300.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.368300

• 原著:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

人脐带间充质干细胞来源外泌体靶向小胶质细胞减轻帕金森病神经细胞损伤

  

  • 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    河北省自然科学基金;河北省高校青年拔尖人才项目;国家自然科学基金

Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate Parkinson’s disease and neuronal damage through inhibition of microglia

Zhong-Xia Zhang1, #, Yong-Jie Zhou2, #, Ping Gu1, Wei Zhao2, Hong-Xu Chen2, Ruo-Yu Wu2, Lu-Yang Zhou2, Qing-Zhuo Cui2,  Shao-Kang Sun2, Lin-Qi Zhang2, Ke Zhang2, Hong-Jun Xu2, Xi-Qing Chai1, *, Sheng-Jun An2, *   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; 2Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
  • Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-03-29
  • Contact: Xi-Qing Chai, MD, hbykdxzzx@126.com; Sheng-Jun An, MD, PhD, sjsjan@126.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, Nos. 18967728D (to XQC), H2021423063 (to HXC); Youth Top Talent Project of Colleges and Universities in Hebei Province, No. BJ2021033 (to HXC).

摘要:

已有研究报道,帕金森病与小胶质细胞介导的炎性反应有关。间充质干细胞来源的外泌体在多种疾病的治疗中表现出抗炎作用,而其是否可以通过抑制小胶质细胞介导的炎性反应保护帕金森病神经元尚未可知。实验首先观察了hucMSCs-Exos对于6-羟基多巴胺制备的帕金森病模型大鼠的治疗作用,发现hucMSCs-Exos可以改善PD模型大鼠的行为学表现,增加纹状体多巴胺及其代谢物的含量,减轻黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元的损伤,同时发现其可以跨越血脑屏障,与损伤侧黑质部位的小胶质细胞共定位,并抑制小胶质细胞的激活。为进一步验证hucMSCs-Exos对小胶质细胞的抑制是否参与了对神经元的保护作用,体外制备小胶质细胞炎性诱导的神经元损伤细胞模型,发现hucMSCs-Exos可以被小胶质细胞所摄取,并通过抑制小胶质细胞的焦亡减轻其对神经细胞的损伤。同时,对hucMSCs-Exos进行了micRNAs与蛋白测序并初步分析了发挥作用的关键因子与信号通路。这些数据表明,hucMSCs-Exos可以通过抑制小胶质细胞的激活,对帕金森病发挥神经保护作用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-3459 (Xi-Qing Chai); https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-0396 (Sheng-Jun An)

Abstract: Microglia-mediated inflammatory responses have been shown to play a crucial role in Parkinson’s disease. In addition, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have shown anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, whether they can protect neurons in Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammatory responses is not yet known. In this study, exosomes were isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and injected into a 6-hydroxydopamine-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease. We found that the exosomes injected through the tail vein and lateral ventricle were absorbed by dopaminergic neurons and microglia on the affected side of the brain, where they repaired nigral-striatal dopamine system damage and inhibited microglial activation. Furthermore, in an in vitro cell model, pretreating lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells with exosomes reduced interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 secretion, prevented the adoption of pyroptosis-associated morphology by BV2 cells, and increased the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells. Potential targets for treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes were further identified by high-throughput microRNA sequencing and protein spectrum sequencing. Our findings suggest that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes are a potential treatment for Parkinson’s disease, and that their neuroprotective effects may be mediated by inhibition of excessive microglial proliferation. 

Key words: 6-hydroxydopamine, dopamine neurons, exosomes, inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells, microglia, Parkinson’s disease, pyroptosis