中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (10): 2998-3012.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01500

• 原著:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

帕金森病中 N-乙酰-α-葡萄糖苷酶的功能贡献:血浆外泌体的比较蛋白质组分析

  

  • 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-02-09

Comparative proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes reveals the functional contribution of N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase to Parkinson’s disease

Yuan Zhao1, #, Yidan Zhang1, #, Xin Liu2 , Jian Zhang1 , Ya Gao1 , Shuyue Li1 , Cui Chang1 , Xiang Liu1 , Guofeng Yang1, *   

  1. 1 Department of Geriatrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China;  2 Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
  • Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-02-09
  • Contact: Guofeng Yang, MD, gf_yang71@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Science and Technology (S&T) Program of Hebei Province, No. 22377798D (to YZ).

摘要:

目前仍缺乏追踪帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)进展的可靠的生物标志物。外泌体含有多种蛋白质、DNA、mRNA和脂质,能反映细胞内的变化,是一种有效的生物标志物来源。实验探讨了帕金森病患者血浆外泌体中发生改变的蛋白质及其在帕金森病中的治疗作用。实验采用基于串联质量标签的定量蛋白质组学方法表征患者血浆外泌体的蛋白质组,确定了PD患者特异的外泌体蛋白质特征,并筛选出差异表达的蛋白质N-乙酰-α-葡糖苷酶(NAGLU)。通过酶联免疫吸附试验和Western印迹法验证了NAGLU在患者和健康对照组血浆外泌体中的表达。结果表明,外泌体中的NAGLU水平不仅在帕金森病中较低,而且随着Hoehn-Yahr分期的增加而降低,这表明NAGLU可作为快速评估帕金森病严重程度的指标。此外,通过Western印迹和免疫组化检测发现NAGLU在1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子(MPP+)处理细胞和a-突触核蛋白(α-syn)过表达细胞中的水平都比对照细胞明显降低。此外,过表达 NAGLU 能显著提高细胞活力,并抑制 MPP+ 处理细胞中 α-syn 的表达。综上所述,实验结果证实了外泌体NAGLU可作为诊断帕金森病的生物标记物,NAGLU可减少α-syn的表达和MPP+诱导的神经毒性,为帕金森病提供了新的治疗靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-5846 (Guofeng Yang)

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and few reliable biomarkers are available to track disease progression. The proteins, DNA, mRNA, and lipids carried by exosomes reflect intracellular changes, and thus can serve as biomarkers for a variety of conditions. In this study, we investigated alterations in the protein content of plasma exosomes derived from patients with Parkinson’s disease and the potential therapeutic roles of these proteins in Parkinson’s disease. Using a tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach, we characterized the proteomes of plasma exosomes derived from individual patients, identified exosomal protein signatures specific to patients with Parkinson’s disease, and identified N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase as a differentially expressed protein. N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase expression levels in exosomes from the plasma of patients and healthy controls were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. The results demonstrated that the exosomal N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase concentration was not only lower in Parkinson’s disease, but also decreased with increasing Hoehn–Yahr stage, suggesting that N-acetylalpha-glucosaminidase could be used to rapidly evaluate Parkinson’s disease severity. Furthermore, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels were markedly reduced both in cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and cells overexpressing α-synuclein compared with control cells. Additionally, N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase overexpression significantly increased cell viability and inhibited α-synuclein expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-treated cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time that exosomal N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may serve as a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis, and that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may reduce α-synuclein expression and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced neurotoxicity, thus providing a new therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease.

Key words: biomarker,  diagnosis,  exosomes,  N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase,  Parkinson’s disease,  proteomic,  α-synuclein