中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 502-505.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01091

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

围产期大脑炎症性皮质损伤的病理生理基础是什么?

  

  • 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2025-05-20

What is the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced cortical injury in the perinatal brain?

Sharmony B. Kelly1, 2, Alistair J. Gunn3 , Rodney W. Hunt1, 4, Robert Galinsky1, 2, *   

  1. 1 The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;  2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;  3 Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;  4 Monash Newborn, Monash Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
  • Online:2026-02-15 Published:2025-05-20
  • Contact: Robert Galinsky, PhD, Robert.Galinsky@hudson.org.au.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (APP1090890 and APP1164954), Cerebral Palsy Alliance (ERG02123) and the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6374-9372 (Robert Galinsky)

Abstract: Perinatal exposure to infection/inflammation is highly associated with neural injury, and subsequent impaired cortical growth, disturbances in neuronal connectivity, and impaired neurodevelopment. However, our understanding of the pathophysiological substrate underpinning these changes in brain structure and function is limited. The objective of this review is to summarize the growing evidence from animal trials and human cohort studies that suggest exposure to infection/ inflammation during the perinatal period promotes regional impairments in neuronal maturation and function, including loss of high-frequency electroencephalographic activity, and reduced growth and arborization of cortical dendrites and dendritic spines resulting in reduced cortical volume. These inflammation-induced disturbances to neuronal structure and function are likely to underpin subsequent disturbances to cortical development and connectivity in fetuses and/or newborns exposed to infection/inflammation during the perinatal period, leading, in the long term, to impaired neurodevelopment. The combined use of early electroencephalography monitoring with neuroimaging techniques that enable detailed evaluation of brain microstructure, and the use of therapeutics that successfully target systemic and central nervous system inflammation could provide an effective strategy for early detection and therapeutic intervention.

Key words: anti-inflammatory therapies, cerebral cortex, chorioamnionitis, electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, neonatal sepsis, neurodevelopment, neuroinflammation, neurons