中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 73-79.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.286957

• 综述:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

现代神经影像技术在阿尔茨海默病诊断研究中的应用

  

  • 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2020-11-23

Application of modern neuroimaging technology in the diagnosis and study of Alzheimer’s disease

Hong-Mei Zeng1, 2, Hua-Bo Han3, Qi-Fang Zhang4, Hua Bai1, 2, 5, *   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou Province, China;   2 Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China;  3 Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou Province, China;  4 Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China;   5 Medical Experiment Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou Province, China
  • Online:2021-01-15 Published:2020-11-23
  • Contact: Hua Bai, MD, PhD, 842031616@qq.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Science and Technology Support Plan of Guizhou Province of China, No. QianKeHe-Zhicheng [2020]4Y129; the Scientific Research Foundation of Guizhou Health Committee of China, No. gzwkj2017-1-022; the Scientific Research Project of Guizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of China, No. QZYY-2018-044. 

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5617-0215 (Hua Bai)

Abstract: Neurological abnormalities identified via neuroimaging are common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. However, it is not yet possible to easily detect these abnormalities using head computed tomography in the early stages of the disease. In this review, we evaluated the ways in which modern imaging techniques such as positron emission computed tomography, single photon emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectrum imaging, structural magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging, magnetic resonance sensitive weighted imaging, and functional magnetic resonance imaging have revealed specific changes not only in brain structure, but also in brain function in Alzheimer’s disease patients. The reviewed literature indicated that decreased fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism in the temporal and parietal lobes of Alzheimer’s disease patients is frequently observed via positron emission computed tomography. Furthermore, patients with Alzheimer’s disease often show a decreased N-acetylaspartic acid/creatine ratio and an increased myoinositol/creatine ratio revealed via magnetic resonance imaging. Atrophy of the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and posterior cingulate gyrus can be detected early using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance sensitive weighted imaging can show small bleeds and abnormal iron metabolism. Task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging can display brain function activity through cerebral blood oxygenation. Resting functional magnetic resonance imaging can display the functional connection between brain neural networks. These are helpful for the differential diagnosis and experimental study of Alzheimer’s disease, and are valuable for exploring the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, behavior, brain, cognitive impairment, fluorodeoxyglucose, memory, neurological function, structural magnetic resonance imaging, translocator protein