中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 312-318.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.177743

• 原著:视神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

视网膜发育中的神经分化和突触发生

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-07-30 出版日期:2016-02-15 发布日期:2016-02-15
  • 基金资助:

    中国国家自然科学基金项目(31070952,U1204311),河南省科研基金项目(0000A40475,0000A40356)

Neural differentiation and synaptogenesis in retinal development

Wen-juan Fan, Xue Li, Huan-ling Yao, Jie-xin Deng, Hong-liang Liu, Zhan-jun Cui, Qiang Wang, Ping Wu, Jin-bo Deng   

  1. Institute of Neurobiology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2015-07-30 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2016-02-15
  • Contact: Jin-bo Deng, M.D. or Ping Wu, M.D., jinbo_deng@henu.edu.cn or wuping1129@126.com.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31070952 and U1204311; the Scientific Research Foundation of Henan University of China, No. 0000A40475 and 0000A40356.

摘要:

为了解视网膜发育过程中的神经分化和突触发生,我们使用免疫荧光染色、BrdU检测和透射电镜进行观察,发现神经母细胞层是神经分化和视网膜分层的生发区域。神经节细胞在孕(E)13开始分化,E18时神经母细胞层出现水平细胞。神经母细胞层外侧的神经干细胞早在出生后0d(P0)就分化为感光细胞,神经母细胞层内侧的神经干细胞在出生后7d(P7)分化成双极细胞。视网膜突触主要分布于外网状层和内网状层。P7时突触素开始外网状层和内网状层突触前末端出现,呈按钮状。P14后突触前终扣集中在外网状层和内网状层。表明视网膜中神经分化和突触发生在神经回路的形成中起重要作用,P14,尤其是P0-14时,是视网膜发育的关键时期;且在此期间小鼠眼睛睁开,表明细胞分化和突触形成实现了视觉功能。

关键词: 神经再生, 神经干细胞, 神经分化, 突触发生, 视网膜发育

Abstract:

To investigate the pattern of neural differentiation and synaptogenesis in the mouse retina, immunolabeling, BrdU assay and transmission electron microscopy were used. We show that the neuroblastic cell layer is the germinal zone for neural differentiation and retinal lamination. Ganglion cells differentiated initially at embryonic day 13 (E13), and at E18 horizontal cells appeared in the neuroblastic cell layer. Neural stem cells in the outer neuroblastic cell layer differentiated into photoreceptor cells as early as postnatal day 0 (P0), and neural stem cells in the inner neuroblastic cell layer differentiated into bipolar cells at P7. Synapses in the retina were mainly located in the outer and inner plexiform layers. At P7, synaptophysin immunostaining appeared in presynaptic terminals in the outer and inner plexiform layers with button-like structures. After P14, presynaptic buttons were concentrated in outer and inner plexiform layers with strong staining. These data indicate that neural differentiation and synaptogenesis in the retina play important roles in the formation of retinal neural circuitry. Our study showed that the period before P14, especially between P0 and P14, represents a critical period during retinal development. Mouse eye opening occurs during that period, suggesting that cell differentiation and synaptic formation lead to the attainment of visual function.

Key words: nerve regeneration, neural stem cells, neural differentiation, retinal development, synaptogenesis, neural regeneration