中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (9): 1385-1388.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.191198

• 综述:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤:骨髓基质细胞和脉络丛上皮细胞

  

  • 收稿日期:2016-06-15 出版日期:2016-09-30 发布日期:2016-09-30
  • 基金资助:
    这项研究部分得到了日本教育,文化,体育,科学和技术部的拨款支持。(2300125至CI,15K10957至NN,和26870744至KK)

Cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury – bone marrow stromal cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells

Chizuka Ide*, Norihiko Nakano, Kenji Kanekiyo   

  1. Central Research Laboratory, Aino University School of Health Science, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
  • Received:2016-06-15 Online:2016-09-30 Published:2016-09-30
  • Contact: Chizuka Ide, M.D., Ph.D., c-ide@ot-u.aino.ac.jp.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported in part by grants from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (No.2300125 to CI, No. 15K10957 to NN, and No. 26870744 to KK).

摘要: 骨髓基质细胞移植增强了再生轴突生长,促进脊髓损伤大鼠的运动改善。但骨髓基质细胞无法长期存活,在移植后2-3周内会从脊髓中消失。星形胶质细胞缺失区域,即在病变中心处没有形成星形胶质细胞或少突胶质细胞。值得注意的是,许多再生轴突延伸会通过这样的星形胶质细胞缺失区域。再生轴突与嵌入细胞外基质的雪旺氏细胞相关。移植的脉络丛上皮细胞也会增强脊髓损伤大鼠轴突再生和运动改善。虽然脉络丛上皮细胞在移植后不久也会从脊髓中消失,但在星形胶质细胞缺失区域会发生再生轴突的广泛生长,如骨髓基质细胞移植的情况。这些研究结果表明骨髓基质细胞和脉络丛上皮细胞会分泌神经营养因子进而促进脊髓组织修复,包括轴突再生和减少腔形成。这意味着骨髓基质细胞和脉络丛上皮细胞移植可以促进脊髓的“内在”再生能力。刺激脊髓的内在再生能力是临床应用于脊髓损伤的最安全治疗方法。应当强调的是,从临床安全角度来看,可以期待移植细胞的的长期存活,但增殖和分化不一定会实现。

Abstract: Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) enhanced the outgrowth of regenerating axons and promoted locomotor improvements of rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). BMSCs did not survive long-term, disappearing from the spinal cord within 2–3 weeks after transplantation. Astrocyte-devoid areas, in which no astrocytes or oligodendrocytes were found, formed at the epicenter of the lesion. It was remarkable that numerous regenerating axons extended through such astrocyte-devoid areas. Regenerating axons were associated with Schwann cells embedded in extracellular matrices. Transplantation of choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) also enhanced axonal regeneration and locomotor improvements in rats with SCI. Although CPECs disappeared from the spinal cord shortly after transplantation, an extensive outgrowth of regenerating axons occurred through astrocyte-devoid areas, as in the case of BMSC transplantation. These fndings suggest that BMSCs and CPECs secret neurotrophic factors that promote tissue repair of the spinal cord, including axonal regeneration and reduced cavity formation. This means that transplantation of BMSCs and CPECs promotes “intrinsic” ability of the spinal cord to regenerate. The treatment to stimulate the intrinsic regeneration ability of the spinal cord is the safest method of clinical application for SCI. It should be emphasized that the generally anticipated long-term survival, proliferation and differentiation of transplanted cells are not necessarily desirable from the clinical point of view of safety.

Key words: bone marrow stromal cell, choroid plexus epithelial cell, spinal cord injury, axonal regeneration; locomotor improvement, intrinsic regeneration ability