中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (11): 1845-1850.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.194757

• 原著:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

构建新型组织工程化周围神经移植物：能否弥补自体神经移植的缺陷？

  

  • 出版日期:2016-11-30 发布日期:2016-11-30
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（81471854）

Tissue-engineered rhesus monkey nerve grafs for the repair of long ulnar nerve defects: similar outcomes to autologous nerve grafs

Chang-qing Jiang1, Jun Hu2, Jian-ping Xiang2, Jia-kai Zhu2, Xiao-lin Liu2, *, Peng Luo3   

  1. 1 Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking Universtiy Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China 2 Department of Microscopy, First Afliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China 3 Te Sixth People’s Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2016-11-30 Published:2016-11-30
  • Contact: Xiao-lin Liu, M.D., Ph.D., jcq-006@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30170962; the Major Subject of Key Technology of Guangzhou City of China, No. 2002Z1-E0031; science and technology projects of Nanshan district, No. 2014028.

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摘要：

有研究表明，从天然神经萃取的脱细胞异体神经可保留完整神经结构和基本细胞外基质成分，移植后宿主免疫原性较低，可以弥补自体神经修复长段周围神经缺损来源受限等制约因素。我们假设与自体神经移植修复相比，应用化学萃取方法制备成年猕猴长段(40 mm)脱细胞同种异体神经移植物，并种植同种异体许旺细胞构建组织工程化周围神经移植物，以此修复猕猴前臂尺神经40 mm缺损能得到同样的修复效果，并以形态学，肌电图和免疫组织化学染色观察评估结果，移植后5个月，猕猴双手未发现糜烂或溃疡形成，猕猴小鱼际肌群的饱满度和弹性和术前相比无显著差异；与自体神经移植修复相比，组织工程化周围神经移植组猕猴小鱼际肌群动作电位最大振幅及再生神经纤维的数目差异无显著性意义，但均优于单纯脱细胞神经移植。结果说明，将自体源许旺细胞微注入去细胞同种异体神经支架构建的组织工程化神经移植物可修复猕猴40 mm长段尺神经缺损，并能取得与自体神经移植相似的效果。

orcid: 0000-0002-5231-2749 (Chang-qing Jiang)

关键词: 神经再生, 周围神经损伤, 神经组织工程, 猕猴, 尺神经, 化学萃取, 异体神经, 自体神经, 支架, 移植, 许旺细胞, 肌电图

Abstract: Acellular nerve allografs can help preserve normal nerve structure and extracellular matrix composition. Tese allografs have low immunogenicity and are more readily available than autologous nerves for the repair of long-segment peripheral nerve defects. In this study, we repaired a 40-mm ulnar nerve defect in rhesus monkeys with tissue-engineered peripheral nerve, and compared the outcome with that of autograf. Te graf was prepared using a chemical extract from adult rhesus monkeys and seeded with allogeneic Schwann cells. Pathomorphology, electromyogram and immunohistochemistry fndings revealed the absence of palmar erosion or ulcers, and that the morphology and elasticity of the hypothenar eminence were normal 5 months postoperatively. Tere were no signifcant differences in the mean peak compound muscle action potential, the mean nerve conduction velocity, or the number of neuroflaments between the experimental and control groups. However, outcome was signifcantly better in the experimental group than in the blank group. Tese fndings suggest that chemically extracted allogeneic nerve seeded with autologous Schwann cells can repair 40-mm ulnar nerve defects in the rhesus monkey. Te outcomes are similar to those obtained with autologous nerve graf.

Key words: nerve regeneration, peripheral nerve injury, tissue engineering, rhesus monkey, ulnar nerve, chemical extraction, allogenic nerve, autologous nerve, transplantation, Schwann cells, neural regeneration