中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2019, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 1079-1084.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.250628

• 原著:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

富含新鲜骨骼肌纤维的壳聚糖神经导管用于损伤周围神经的延迟修复

  

  • 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-06-15
  • 基金资助:

    欧洲共同体第七框架计划（FP7-HEALTH-2011）; Compagnia di San Paolo; InTheCure项目

Chitosan tubes enriched with fresh skeletal muscle fibers for delayed repair of peripheral nerve defects

Alessandro Crosio 1 , Benedetta Elena Fornasari 2, 3 , Giovanna Gambarotta 2 , Stefano Geuna 2, 3 , Stefania Raimondo 2, 3 , Bruno Battiston 1 , Pierluigi Tos 4 , Giulia Ronchi 2, 3   

  1. 1 Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology II - Surgery for Hand and Upper Limb - AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino - CTO Hospital, Torino, Italy
    2 Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
    3 Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
    4 UO Microchirurgia e Chirurgia della Mano, Ospedale Gaetano Pini, Milano, Italy
  • Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-06-15
  • Contact: Giulia Ronchi, PhD, giulia.ronchi@unito.it
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-HEALTH-2011), No. 278612 (to SG); and by Compagnia di San Paolo, No. D86D15000100005; InTheCure project (to SR).

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摘要：

延迟神经修复后由于长期横断神经的远端残端中，与包括神经营养因子在内的再生相关基因表达显著降低，许旺细胞萎缩，不能维持再生能力，所以神经再生通常是不成功的。为了提供支持许旺细胞活性和轴突再生的三维环境和营养因子，实验使用富含新鲜骨骼肌纤维的壳聚糖神经导管或自体神经于延迟3个月后修复10mm大鼠正中神经缺损，并在神经修复后4个月进行功能和形态学分析。数据表明，该壳聚糖导管在促进神经再生方面与自体移植效果相近。因而，富含新鲜骨骼肌纤维的壳聚糖神经导管可能是修复较长周围神经缺损的有希望策略

orcid: 0000-0002-4795-7024 (Giulia Ronchi)

关键词: 许旺细胞, 支架, 神经重建, 形态分析, 抓握试验, 二次修复, 正中神经, 组织工程, 神经再生

Abstract:

Nerve regeneration after delayed nerve repair is often unsuccessful. Indeed, the expression of genes associated with regeneration, including neurotrophic and gliotrophic factors, is drastically reduced in the distal stump of chronically transected nerves; moreover, Schwann cells undergo atrophy, losing their ability to sustain regeneration. In the present study, to provide a three-dimensional environment and trophic factors supporting Schwann cell activity and axon re-growth, we combined the use of an effective conduit (a chitosan tube) with a promising intraluminal structure (fresh longitudinal skeletal muscle fibers). This enriched conduit was used to repair a 10-mm rat median nerve gap after 3-month delay and functional and morphometrical analyses were performed 4 months after nerve reconstruction. Our data show that the enriched chitosan conduit is as effective as the hollow chitosan conduit in promoting nerve regeneration, and its efficacy is not statistically different from the autograft, considered the “gold standard” technique for nerve reconstruction. Since hollow tubes not always lead to good results after long defects (> 20 mm), we believe that the conduit enriched with fresh muscle fibers could be a promising strategy to repair longer gaps, as muscle fibers create a favorable three-dimensional environment and release trophic factors. All procedures were approved by the Bioethical Committee of the University of Torino and by the Italian Ministry of Health (approval number: 864/2016/PR) on September 14, 2016.

Key words: tubulization, Schwann cells, scaffold, tissue engineering, nerve reconstruction, morphometrical analyses, grasping test, secondary repair, median nerve, nerve regeneration