中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2020, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 491-502.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.266068

• 原著:脊髓损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

用于研究直接周围神经修复的动物模型：系统评价

  

  • 出版日期:2020-03-15 发布日期:2020-05-26

Animal models used to study direct peripheral nerve repair: a systematic review

Francisco Javier Vela1, Guadalupe Martínez-Chacón1, Alberto Ballestín1, José Luis Campos1, Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo2, Elena Abellán1   

  1. 1 Department of Microsurgery, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
    2 Scientific Director, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
  • Online:2020-03-15 Published:2020-05-26
  • Contact: Francisco Javier Vela, DVM,fjvela@ccmijesususon.com.

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摘要：

目的：周围神经创伤性损伤的外科修复后恢复效果取决于几个因素，包括损伤的严重程度、损伤神经类和外科医生的技术水平。尽管对神经病变进行了精确的显微外科修复，但并不总能实现十分令人满意的功能恢复，因而研究再生过程和手术技术的临床前动物实验是必不可少的。此系统评价的重点是分析用于临床前周神经修复研究的不同动物模型。

数据来源：收集2000至2018年Web of Science，Scopus和PubMed数据库以英文出版的原始文章。

资料选择：此次系统评价仅包括直接神经修复的临床前实验。由第一、二作者对纳入文章进行评估。

结果：49项研究纳入分析，共涉及1425只动物，包括大鼠，小鼠，豚鼠，兔子，猫和狗。周围神经修复研究中使用最广泛的模型动物是大鼠，且该类动物模型成本收益较其他动物模型更好。缝合技术仍是目前周围神经修复的第一选择，但胶水，激光和生物工程材料的使用正在增加。

结论：用于研究直接周围神经修复的动物模型以大鼠模型为主；为了进一步增强结果的可信度，此类研究应包括组织学验证、电生理分析和行为学观察。

orcid: 0000-0002-6546-0601 (Francisco Javier Vela)

关键词: 神经, 显微外科, 周围神经, 再生, 修复, 重建, 直接神经修复, 动物模型, 缝合, PRISMA, 系统评价

Abstract:

Objective: Peripheral nerve repair is required after traumatic injury. This common condition represents a major public health problem worldwide. Recovery after nerve repair depends on several factors, including the severity of the injury, the nerve involved, and the surgeon’s technical skills. Despite the precise microsurgical repair of nerve lesions, adequate functional recovery is not always achieved and, therefore, the regeneration process and surgical techniques are still being studied. Pre-clinical animal models are essential for this research and, for this reason, the focus of the present systematic review (according to the PRISMA statement) was to analyze the different animal models used in pre-clinical peripheral nerve repair studies. 

Data sources: Original articles, published in English from 2000 to 2018, were collected using the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. 

Data selection: Only preclinical trials on direct nerve repair were included in this review. The articles were evaluated by the first two authors, in accordance with predefined data fields. 

Outcome measures: The primary outcomes included functional motor abilities, daily activity and regeneration rate. Secondary outcomes included coaptation technique and animal model. 

Results: This review yielded 267 articles, of which, after completion of the screening, 49 studies were analyzed. There were 1425 animals in those 49 studies, being rats, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats and dogs the different pre-clinical models. The nerves used were classified into three groups: head and neck (11), forelimb (8) and hindlimb (30). The techniques used to perform the coaptation were: microsuture (46), glue (12), laser (8) and mechanical (2). The follow-up examinations were histology (43), electrophysiological analysis (24) and behavioral observation (22).

Conclusion: The most widely used animal model in the study of peripheral nerve repair is the rat. Other animal models are also used but the cost-benefit of the rat model provides several strengths over the others. Suture techniques are currently the first option for nerve repair, but the use of glues, lasers and bioengineering materials is increasing. Hence, further research in this field is required to improve clinical practice.

Key words: nerve, microsurgery, peripheral nerve, regeneration, repair, reconstruction, direct nerve repair, animal model, coaptation, PRISMA, systematic review