中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (5): 999-1000.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.324845

• 观点:周围神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

周围神经常驻巨噬细胞的自我更新:它是否代表一种独特的激活状态?

  

  • 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2021-11-08

Self-renewal of peripheral nerve resident macrophage: does it represent a unique activation status?

Maricris Bautista, Anand Krishnan*   

  1. Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Bautista M, Krishnan A)
    Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre (CMSNRC), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Bautista M, Krishnan A)
  • Online:2022-05-15 Published:2021-11-08
  • Contact: Anand Krishnan, PhD, anand.krishnan@usask.ca.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), Canada (Discovery Grant No. RGPIN-2020-05862, to AK).

摘要: Neural Regen Res:周围神经常驻巨噬细胞的自我更新
     最近的研究表明,巨噬细胞可以进行自我更新。例如,在周围神经系统组织中,坐骨神经常驻巨噬细胞在神经损伤后能够自我更新。同样,来自加拿大萨斯喀彻温大学的Anand Krishnan团队发现在正常和受损背根神经节中的巨噬细胞也可以自我更新。尽管周转率很慢,长期分布在周围神经系统的巨噬细胞能够进行自我更新。神经损伤后,它们进入更频繁的增殖状态。这些细胞增殖发生在其长期驻留和浸润的混合床内,很难确定自我更新能力是否只限于一个特定的群体。因此,Krishnan团队认为将自我更新的巨噬细胞分类为一个单独的群体,并重新审视它们在周围神经中的功能作用,可能会解决围绕周围神经系统巨噬细胞的复杂生物学问题。

文章在《中国神经再生研究(英文版)》杂志2022年5月5期发表。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-942X (Anand Krishnan) 

Abstract: Macrophages are immune cells of myeloid origin and are present in almost all tissues. They perform a wide variety of functions contributing to tissue development, homeostasis, pathogenesis, and repair (Wynn et al., 2013). Strikingly, macrophages residing at different tissues, and at different compartments of an individual tissue, demonstrate enormously diverse molecular characteristics (Gordon and Taylor, 2005). Querying this exceptional molecular heterogeneity challenged the long-standing theory that adult tissue macrophages derive solely from circulating monocytes. Indeed, lineage tracing and fate mapping studies using chimeric and cre-floxed animal models, followed by RNA-sequencing, convincingly demonstrated that tissue resident macrophages also consist of a pool that originates from yolk-sac progenitor cells (YPC) (Ginhoux and Guilliams, 2016; De Schepper et al., 2018). For example, initial macrophages arise from primitive progenitor cells in the yolk-sac at embryonic day (E) 8.5. These macrophages migrate into developing tissues to generate long-term resident tissue macrophages. At E10.5, erythromyeloid progenitor cells from the yolk-sac enter the fetal liver giving rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which will eventually generate fetal liver monocytes. The fetal liver monocytes then migrate into developing peripheral tissues to establish another pool of long-term resident tissue macrophages. In addition, the erythromyeloid progenitor cells seed bone marrow, and the resulting bone marrow HSCs then maintain the uninterrupted supply of circulating monocyte-derived macrophages in adult tissues (Ginhoux and Guilliams, 2016; Goldmann et al., 2016). Overall, adult tissues encompass a mix of YPC-derived and circulating monocyte-derived macrophages and they are molecularly distinct. Some examples of YPC derived macrophages include microglia, alveolar macrophages, Langerhans cells, Kupffer cells, peritoneal macrophages, cardiac macrophages, and a subset of macrophages in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) (Wynn et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2020; Ydens et al., 2020).