中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 947-954.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.355747

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

小胶质细胞极化和与其他中枢神经系统细胞交叉对话可能成为治疗阿尔茨海默病的潜力

  

  • 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2022-11-01
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82004028，81473577)；中国博士后科学基金(2020M680912)；山西应用基础研究项目(201901D211538)；山西省医学科技领导团队(2020TD05)；山西中医药大学重点学科建设资金、山西中医药大学青年科学家培育项目(2021PY-QN-09); 山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划基础研究项目(2020PY-JC-02);山西中医药大学附属医院国家区域中医医疗中心心血管专项基金项目(2021-XGZX202115)

The effects and potential of microglial polarization and crosstalk with other cells of the central nervous system in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Yi-Ge Wu1, #, Li-Juan Song1, 2, #, Li-Jun Yin1, Jun-Jun Yin1, 3, Qing Wang1, Jie-Zhong Yu4, Bao-Guo Xiao5, Cun-Gen Ma1, 4, *   

  1. 1The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China;  2Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China;  3Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;  4Institute of Brain Science/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Diseases/Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi Province, China;  5Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  • Online:2023-05-15 Published:2022-11-01
  • Contact: Cun-Gen Ma, PhD, macungen2001@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82004028 (to LJS) and 81473577 (to CGM); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2020M680912 (to LJS); Shanxi Applied Basic Research Project, No. 201901D211538 (to LJS); Leading Team of Medical Science and Technology of Shanxi Province, No. 2020TD05 (to CGM); Funds for Construction of Key Disciplines from Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Young Scientists Cultivation Project of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine No. 2021PY-QN-09 (to LJS); Basic Research Project of the Cultivation Plan of Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2020PY-JC-02 (to LJS); Cardiovascular Special Fund Project of National Regional Traditional Chinese Medicine Medical Center of Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2021, No. XGZX202115 (to LJS).

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摘要：

小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的常驻免疫细胞。在阿尔茨海默病的发病过程中，由于相关刺激因子不断作用于小胶质细胞，导致小胶质细胞自身异常激活，使细胞表型改变不平衡，这已成为研究热点之一。文章重点总结了小胶质细胞极化和与其他中枢神经系统细胞交叉对话(crosstalk)治疗阿尔茨海默病的作用研究发现：①阿尔茨海默病小胶质细胞表型的变化是连续的，在信号通路和细胞因子的作用下，小胶质细胞与星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞、神经元以及穿透的外周先天免疫细胞广泛交叉。②与以往单水平调节小胶质细胞表型的努力不同，靶向小胶质细胞表型并与其他中枢神经系统细胞交叉对话(crosstalk)可能更有效地减少阿尔茨海默病期间的中枢神经系统炎症，这将为减少中枢神经系统炎症引起的神经元死亡奠定理论基础，并为阿尔茨海默病治疗过程中促进神经元再生提供合适的微环境。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0049-1658 (Cun-Gen Ma) 

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 淀粉样蛋白, 生物标志物, 中枢神经系统, 细胞因子, 糖尿病, 炎症, 小胶质细胞, 神经炎症, 吞噬作用, tau

Abstract: Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system. During the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, stimulatory factors continuously act on the microglia causing abnormal activation and unbalanced phenotypic changes; these events have become a significant and promising area of research. In this review, we summarize the effects of microglial polarization and crosstalk with other cells in the central nervous system in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Our literature search found that phenotypic changes occur continuously in Alzheimer’s disease and that microglia exhibit extensive crosstalk with astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, and penetrated peripheral innate immune cells via specific signaling pathways and cytokines. Collectively, unlike previous efforts to modulate microglial phenotypes at a single level, targeting the phenotypes of microglia and the crosstalk with other cells in the central nervous system may be more effective in reducing inflammation in the central nervous system in Alzheimer’s disease. This would establish a theoretical basis for reducing neuronal death from central nervous system inflammation and provide an appropriate environment to promote neuronal regeneration in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid, biomarker, central nervous system, cytokines, diabetes, inflammation, microglia, neuroinflammation, phagocytosis, tau