中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (8): 1637-1344.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.363824

• 综述:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

FcRn抑制剂:治疗重症肌无力的新选择

  

  • 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-02-16
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U1604181);河南省医学科技攻关计划(联合共建)项目(LHGJ20190078);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(212102310834);河南省医学教育研究项目(Wjlx2020531)

FcRn inhibitors: a novel option for the treatment of myasthenia gravis

Li-Na Zhu, Hai-Man Hou, Sai Wang, Shuang Zhang, Ge-Ge Wang, Zi-Yan Guo, Jun Wu*   

  1. Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2023-08-15 Published:2023-02-16
  • Contact: Jun Wu, MD, wjun365@163.com.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. U1604181, the Joint Project of Medical Science and Technology Research Program of Henan Province, No. LHGJ20190078, Henan Medical Education Research Project, No. Wjlx2020531, and Henan Province Key R&D and Promotion Special Project (Science and Technology Tackle), No. 212102310834 (all to JW).

摘要:

重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis, MG)是自身抗体与神经肌肉接头处突触后膜的重要功能分子结合,导致全身或局部骨骼肌无力的自身免疫性疾病,大多数MG患者体内可以检测到致病性IgG抗体。目前激素和免疫抑制剂治疗在安全性、有效性、可及性等方面存在着不同程度的缺陷,寻找安全有效的治疗方法势在必行。大量研究显示,干预性地清除致病性IgG能够有效减轻免疫损伤、抑制病情进展、改善MG患者的预后。新生儿Fc受体(neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn)在IgG的分布、运输及持久性方面发挥重要的作用,FcRn抑制剂通过靶向阻断FcRn与IgG结合,能够缩短IgG半衰期,特异性降低其在体内的留存时间,从而达到治疗作用,是治疗MG的一个新选择。文章对FcRn抑制剂治疗重症肌无力的基础和临床研究取得了重要进展进行了总结。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-9175 (Jun Wu) 

Abstract: Myasthenia gravis is an acquired, humoral immunity-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies that impair synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction. The intervention-mediated clearance of immunoglobulin G (IgG) was shown to be effective in controlling the progression of the disease. The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) plays a key role in prolonging the serum half-life of IgG. Antagonizing FcRn to prevent its binding to IgG can accelerate the catabolism of the latter, resulting in decreased levels of IgG, including pathogenic autoantibodies, thereby achieving a therapeutic effect. In this review, we detail the substantial research progress, both basic and clinical, relating to the use of FcRn inhibitors in the treatment of myasthenia gravis.

Key words: batoclimab, clinical trial, efgartigimod, FcRn, FcRn inhibitors, immunoglobulin G (IgG), myasthenia gravis, nipocalimab, rozanolixizumab