中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (7): 2068-2083.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01799

• 原著:退行性病与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

Aβ改变了神经元中NLRP3表达的调节机制

  

  • 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2024-11-27

FUBP3 mediates the amyloid-β-induced neuronal NLRP3 expression

Jing Yao1, #, Yuan Li1, #, Xi Liu2, #, Wenping Liang1 , Yu Li1 , Liyong Wu3 , Zhe Wang1, *, Weihong Song1, 4, 5, *   

  1. 1 The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;  2 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China;  3 Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;  4 Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;  5 Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision, and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Online:2025-07-15 Published:2024-11-27
  • Contact: Zhe Wang, PhD, wangz@xwhosp.org; Weihong Song, MD, PhD, weihong@wmu.edu.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by a grant from Key Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, No. ZJAD-2021002 (to ZW).

摘要:

阿尔茨海默病的标志性特征是脑内Aβ在细胞外聚集而成的不溶性老年斑块,以及神经元内高度磷酸化的tau蛋白在细胞内聚集而成的神经纤维缠结。NLRP3炎症小体可能在Aβ沉积到tau磷酸化和聚集的转变中发挥作用。由于NLRP3主要存在于大脑中的小胶质细胞中,而tau主要位于神经元中,因此有人提出,小胶质细胞中的NLRP3可能通过上调促炎细胞因子间接触发tau的磷酸化。此次实验发现,神经元也表达NLRP3,且神经元中的NLRP3可调节tau磷酸化。进而利用生物化学方法定位了NLRP3基因的最小启动子,并确定了FUBP3是神经元中NLRP3的转录因子。然后在原代神经元和神经母细胞瘤细胞Neuro2A细胞中发现,只有当Aβ存在时,内源性NLRP3表达和tau磷酸化才需要FUBP3。而后在老年野生型小鼠和阿尔茨海默病小鼠大脑皮质神经元中均可见FUBP3表达上调。进一步转录组分析提示FUBP3很可能参与了神经细胞中的免疫反应。此外,FUBP3还可能与DNA损伤时的同源重组修复有关,这可能与FUBP3对DNA异常5’端的修剪功能相关。这些结果表明,神经元中的NLRP3可能比小胶质细胞NLRP3更直接地参与Aβ到tau磷酸化的转变,并且Aβ从根本上改变了神经元中NLRP3表达的调节机制。鉴于FUBP3在年轻野生型小鼠中的低表达以及在老年和阿尔茨海默病大脑中的显著上调,FUBP3可能成为预防阿尔茨海默病进展的潜在靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-6763 (Zhe Wang)

关键词: NLRP3l , FUBP3l , l , tau , l , 阿尔茨海默病l , 神经元l , 炎症l , 炎症小体l , 转录因子l , Aβ依赖性转录l , 5'端修饰

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β, which forms extracellular neuritic plaques, and accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau, which aggregates to form intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, in the brain. The NLRP3 inflammasome may play a role in the transition from amyloid-β deposition to tau phosphorylation and aggregation. Because NLRP3 is primarily found in brain microglia, and tau is predominantly located in neurons, it has been suggested that NLRP3 expressed by microglia indirectly triggers tau phosphorylation by upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we found that neurons also express NLRP3 in vitro and in vivo, and that neuronal NLRP3 regulates tau phosphorylation. Using biochemical methods, we mapped the minimal NLRP3 promoter and identified FUBP3 as a transcription factor regulating NLRP3 expression in neurons. In primary neurons and the neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2A, FUBP3 is required for endogenous NLRP3 expression and tau phosphorylation only when amyloid-β is present. In the brains of aged wild-type mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, FUBP3 expression was markedly increased in cortical neurons. Transcriptome analysis suggested that FUBP3 plays a role in neuron-mediated immune responses. We also found that FUBP3 trimmed the 5′ end of DNA fragments that it bound, implying that FUBP3 functions in stress-induced responses. These findings suggest that neuronal NLRP3 may be more directly involved in the amyloid-β-to–phospho-tau transition than microglial NLRP3, and that amyloid-β fundamentally alters the regulatory mechanism of NLRP3 expression in neurons. Given that FUBP3 was only expressed at low levels in young wild-type mice and was strongly upregulated in the brains of aged mice and Alzheimer’s disease mice, FUBP3 could be a safe therapeutic target for preventing Alzheimer’s disease progression.

Key words: 5′ end trimmingl , Alzheimer’s diseasel , amyloid-betal , amyloid-β-dependent transcriptionl , FUBP3l , inflammasomel , inflammationl , neuronl , NLRP3l , tau , l , transcription factor