中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (7): 1849-1863.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00067

• 综述:神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

脊髓性肌萎缩的特异性和非特异性生物标志物

  

  • 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2024-11-25

Insights into spinal muscular atrophy from molecular biomarkers

Xiaodong Xing1, 2, #, Xinzhu Liu1, #, Xiandeng Li1, 2, Mi Li1 , Xian Wu1, 2, Xiaohui Huang1 , Ajing Xu1 , Yan Liu1, *, Jian Zhang1, *   

  1. 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;  2 College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
  • Online:2025-07-15 Published:2024-11-25
  • Contact: Yan Liu, PhD, liuyan@shsmu.edu.cn; Jian Zhang, PhD, zhangjian@xinhuamed.com.cn.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Collaborative Innovation Center for Clinical and Translational Science by Chinese Ministry of Education & Shanghai, No. CCTS-2022205 and the “Double World-Class Project” of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (both to JZ).

摘要:

脊髓性肌萎缩是一种破坏性的运动神经元疾病,其特征是存在严重的致命性肌无力,是2岁以下婴儿死亡的主要遗传病因。当前,生物标志物的研究已成为热点,不断有新的候选生物标志物被发现。此次综述首先总结了脊髓性肌萎缩临床常用的评估方法,同时简要概述了其各自的优缺点;随后深入讨论了脊髓性肌萎缩分子生物标志物的研究进展和临床意义。脊髓性肌萎缩的生物标志物可分为特异性生物标志物和非特异性标志物。这些生物标记物可为脊髓性肌萎缩发病机制、生物标志物对药物修正治疗的反应机制、生物标志物候选者的选择以及未来研究发展的新见解,同时这些生物标志物的成功利用可能为脊髓性肌萎缩患者实施基因靶向治疗提供帮助。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5983-6762 (Xiaodong Xing); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-3326 (Yan Liu)

关键词: 生物标志物, 脊髓性肌萎缩, SMA, 基因靶向疗法, 治疗评价, Nusinersen, 存活运动神经元, 神经丝, 疾病进展, 预后

Abstract: Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle weakness. It is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 years. Biomarker research is currently receiving more attention, and new candidate biomarkers are constantly being discovered. This review initially discusses the evaluation methods commonly used in clinical practice while briefly outlining their respective pros and cons. We also describe recent advancements in research and the clinical significance of molecular biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy, which are classified as either specific or non-specific biomarkers. This review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy, the mechanism of biomarkers in response to drug-modified therapies, the selection of biomarker candidates, and would promote the development of future research. Furthermore, the successful utilization of biomarkers may facilitate the implementation of gene-targeting treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

Key words: biomarkers, disease progression, gene-targeting therapy, neurofilaments, Nusinersen, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), survival motor neuron, therapeutic evaluation, treatment outcomes