中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (12): 3521-3522.doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00980

• 观点:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞外囊泡:多种信号传导能力及转化为有希望治疗靶点促进神经元的可塑性

  

  • 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-03-15

Extracellular vesicles: multiple signaling capabilities and translation into promising therapeutic targets to promote neuronal plasticity

Dirk M. Hermann* , Bernd Giebel   

  1. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (Hermann DM) Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (Giebel B)
  • Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-03-15
  • Contact: Dirk M. Hermann, MD, dirk.hermann@uk-essen.de.
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (grants 514990328, 389030878, 405358801/428817542 (within FOR2879) and 449437943 (within TRR332, project C06), and by German Federal Ministry of Education and Science (3DOS; grant 161L0278B) (to DMH). DMH and BG hold patents for the application of extracellular vesicles for the treatment of inflammatory conditions (EP2687219A1; US9877989B2). BG is the founding director and DMH advisor of Exosla Ltd. No conflicts of interest exist between Exosla Ltd. and publication of this paper.

摘要: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-3152 (Dirk M. Hermann)

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, lipid membrane-enclosed vesicles carrying a broad spectrum of biologically active molecules (including proteins, RNAs, and bioactive lipids) which play important roles in intercellular communication. EVs crucially control neuronal energy metabolism under physiological conditions, constrain oxidative stress and brain inflammatory responses, and promote neuronal survival and plasticity upon brain damage. Originating from the right cells, e.g., mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), EVs can exhibit striking neurological recovery-promoting activities in various brain disease models (Hermann et al., 2024). In rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models, for example, intravenously administered MSC-derived EVs enhanced motor coordination recovery similar to parental MSCs by mechanisms involving long-term neuroprotection, neurogenesis, axonal sprouting, remyelination, and synaptic plasticity (Xin et al., 2013; Doeppner et al., 2015). In contrast to pharmacological compounds that target specific signaling pathways, EVs depending on their cellular origin exhibit multiple signaling abilities, enabling them to regulate several disease processes simultaneously in a clinically relevant way (Hermann et al., 2024). In the long term, EVs are expected to surpass and replace many current pharmaceuticals, as their multimodal mechanism of action can synergistically and contextually modify disease outcomes more effectively. The successful clinical translation will decisively depend on the selection of the right targets.