中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (10): 1683-1689.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153704

• 原著:颅神经损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

如何有效建立感音神经性耳聋大鼠模型?

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-06-04 出版日期:2015-10-28 发布日期:2015-10-28
  • 基金资助:

    973课题(2011CBA01000,2012CB967900)

An efficient strategy for establishing a model of sensorineural deafness in rats

Long Ma1, #, Hai-jin Yi2, #, Fen-qian Yuan3, Wei-wei Guo4, *, Shi-ming Yang4, *   

  1. 1 The Second Artillery General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
    2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
    3 Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
    4 Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
  • Received:2015-06-04 Online:2015-10-28 Published:2015-10-28
  • Contact: Shi-ming Yang, M.D., Ph.D. or Wei-wei Guo, M.D., Ph.D., yangsm301@263.net or gwent001@163.com.
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by grants from the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (973 Program), No. 2011CBA01000, 2012CB967900.

摘要:

研究的目的观察呋喃苯胺酸和/或硫酸卡那霉素构建感音神经性聋大鼠模型的效果,以找到更好的造模方法。大鼠接受静脉注射不同剂量呋喃苯胺酸和/或肌肉注射硫酸卡那霉素。用听性脑干反应、扫描电镜和免疫组化检测两种药物联合或单独使用的效果。药物联合干预后3d,大鼠听性脑干反应阈明显提高,且高于药物单独作用。耳蜗顶周至底周、外周毛细胞至内耳毛细胞表现为不同程度的损伤。毛细胞全部丢失后第1周,螺旋神经节细胞形态仍然正常,然后发生渐行性退化。2个月后,大多数螺旋神经节细胞消失,但依然有小部分存在。实验结果说明,呋喃苯胺酸与硫酸卡那霉素联合作用毒性可使毛细胞丢失,听力丧失,建立的感音神经性聋大鼠模型更为有效。同时,结果也提示,临床上一些重度感音神经性聋的患者,仍有希望通过植入人工耳蜗装置,提高听力。

关键词: 神经再生, 感音神经性聋, 呋喃苯胺酸, 硫酸卡那霉素, 耳毒性药物, 螺旋神经节细胞, 毛细胞

Abstract:

Ototoxic drugs can be used to produce a loss of cochlear hair cells to create animal models of deafness. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report on the establishment of a rat deafness model through the combined application of aminoglycosides and loop diuretics. The aim of this study was to use single or combined administration of furosemide and kanamycin sulfate to establish rat models of deafness. The rats received intravenous injections of different
doses of furosemide and/or intramuscular injections of kanamycin sulfate. The auditory brainstem response was measured to determine the hearing threshold after drug application. Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy were performed to evaluate inner ear morphology.
In the group receiving combined administration of furosemide and kanamycin, the auditory brainstem response threshold showed significant elevation 3 days after administration, higher than that produced by furosemide or kanamycin alone. The hair cells showed varying degrees of injury, from the apical turn to the basal turn of the cochlea and from the outer hair cells to the inner hair cells. The spiral ganglion cells maintained a normal morphology during the first week after the hair cells completely disappeared, and then gradually degenerated. After 2 months, the majority of spiral ganglion cells disappeared, but a few remained. These findings demonstrate that the combined administration of furosemide and kanamycin has a synergistic ototoxic effect, and that these drugs can produce hair cell loss and hearing loss in rats. These findings suggest that even in patients with severe deafness, electronic cochlear implants may partially restore hearing.

Key words: nerve regeneration, sensorineural deafness, kanamycin, furosemide, ototoxic drug, spiral ganglion cells, hair cell, neural regeneration