中国神经再生研究(英文版) ›› 2015, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (11): 1767-1769.doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.165320

• 观点:脑损伤修复保护与再生 • 上一篇    下一篇

在神经保护中存在着 “两面性”的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂

  

  • 收稿日期:2015-08-25 出版日期:2015-12-07 发布日期:2015-12-07
  • 基金资助:

    该研究由美国乔治城大学资金支持。

Two sides of the same coin: tyrosine kinase inhibitionin cancer and neurodegeneration

Michaeline Hebron, Charbel E-H Moussa*   

  1. Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington D.C., NW, USA
  • Received:2015-08-25 Online:2015-12-07 Published:2015-12-07
  • Contact: Charbel E-H. Moussa, M.D., Ph.D.,cem46@georgetown.edu.
  • Supported by:

    These studies were supported by Georgetown University funding to CEHM. Georgetown University and one or more authors have intellectual property interest related to technology in this paper.

摘要:

酪氨酸激酶是一类催化三磷酸腺苷上γ-磷酸转移到蛋白酪氨酸残基上的激酶,能催化多种底物蛋白质酪氨酸残基磷酸化,在细胞生长、增殖、分化中具有重要作用。迄今发现的蛋白酪氨酸激酶多数是属于致癌RNA病毒的癌基因产物,也可由脊椎动物的原癌基因产生。酪氨酸激酶抑制剂可作为三磷酸腺苷与酪氨酸激酶结合的竞争性抑制剂,也可作为酪氨酸的类似物,阻断酪氨酸激酶的活性,抑制细胞增殖。癌症和神经退行性疾病中包括多种类型疾病,它们在机制上有所不同,但是却有共同的治疗目标,自噬是通过有丝分裂和有丝分裂后的细胞具有共同的质量控制,可以用作加速消灭无用的癌基因,并分别减少毒性蛋白在癌症和神经退行性疾病中的累积。应用酪氨酸激酶抑制剂是一种治疗策略,它可以诱导自噬,使正常的细胞在特定的细胞中生存。该观点文章深入探讨了酪氨酸激酶抑制剂作为“双刃剑”在神经退行性疾病中的作用。
 

Abstract:

Cancer and neurodegeneration include a group of diseases that are mechanistically distinct but may share common therapeutic targets. Both cancer and neurodegeneration may propagate by contiguity, leading to disease spread from one body part to another. Autophagy is a common quality control mechanism shared by mitotic and post-mitotic cells and it can be exploited to accelerate clearance of unwanted oncogenes and reduce accumulation of toxic proteins in cancer and neurodegeneration, respectively. Tyrosine kinase inhibition is a therapeutically relevant strategy that can induce autophagy, leading to normal cell survival in certain type of cells. This perspective provides insights into how tyrosine kinase inhibition can be clinically used to arrest mitotic cell division and tumor growth, while promoting survival of post-mitotic neurons. As modulators of myeloid cells, TKIs may also positively regulate neuronal death and produce neuro-restorative effects, independent of brain concentration, via production of necessary growth factors and proliferation of myeloid-derived glial cells. Autophagictoxic protein clearance and production of growth factors may restore fluctuations of neurotransmitters, leading to alterations of motor and cognitive functions. Tyrosine kinase inhibition provides a double-edge sword via manipulation of autophagy to inhibit cell division and tumor growth in cancer on one hand, and promote toxic protein degradation and neuronal survival in neurodegeneration on the other hand.